Prospective Study of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Depression Following Trauma

Shalev, Arieh Y.; Freedman, Sara; Peri, Tuvia; Brandes, Dalia; Sahar, Tali; Orr, Scott P.; Pitman, Roger K.

doi:10.1176/ajp.155.5.630

Cited by 848 publications

(573 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Thus those patients who drop out might well be at relatively low risk for injury-related PTSD, although loss of memory was not a significant predictor of dropout in the present study. A study by Shalev et al that showed fewer PTSD symptoms among those who dropped out coincides with this view (11). However, O'Donnell et al found higher levels of anxiety and depression among those who dropped out (16).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…Recent longitudinal studies of PTSD have included many different groups of subjects, such as exposed disaster workers (1), refugees (2), a community sample (3), survivors of terrorists attacks (4), soldiers hospitalized following serious combat injury (5), patients with myocardial infarction (6), and victims of sexual and physical assault (7). Above all, longitudinal studies of patients following severe injury, especially those involved in motor vehicle accidents (MVAs), comprise one of the largest number of population samples studied (8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20).…”

Section: Objectives Of the Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the one hand, Ehlers et al and Wu et al showed that men were likely to drop out (10,19), while it is well known that women are at high risk for PTSD (21). Also, Shalev et al showed those who dropped out had fewer PTSD symptoms (11). On the other hand, O'Donnell et al…”

Section: Objectives Of the Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Are patients after severe injury who drop out of a longitudinal study at high risk of mental disorder?

Nishi

Matsuoka

Nakajima

et al. 2008

Comprehensive Psychiatry

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Are patients after severe injury who drop out of a longitudinal study at high risk of mental disorder? Are patients after severe injury who drop out of a longitudinal study at high risk of mental disorder? AbstractIn longitudinal studies of traumatic stress, it is particularly important to examine the data for any differences between those who drop out and those who continue to participate, because reluctance to participate might reflect symptoms of avoidance frequently seen in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, whether those who drop out are at high risk of PTSD remains unclear. Over a 25-month period, 188 consecutive patients with motor vehicle accident (MVA)-related injuries admitted emergently were enrolled and followed for 4 to 6 weeks. Baseline characteristics were compared between subjects who did and did not participate in the follow-up study. At 4 to 6 weeks, 66 (35.1%) of the participants had dropped out. Bivariate analyses revealed that those who dropped out were likely to be men, alcohol drinkers, smokers, and unconscious just after MVA and to have fewer years of education, less severe injuries, less posttraumatic symptoms, and lower cooperativeness as assessed by the Temperament and Character Inventory. Logistic regression analysis revealed that male sex, unconsciousness during MVA, low cooperativeness, and less severe injuries were significant predictors of dropout. The literature says that male sex and unconsciousness just after MVA might be protective factors against MVA-related PTSD, whereas low cooperativeness is a risk factor for general mental problems. To summarize, it is expected that those who drop from the follow-up are unlikely to have MVA-related PTSD, but might have mental problems independent of injury. In longitudinal studies of traumatic stress, it is particularly important to examine the data for any differences between those who drop out and those who continue to participate, because reluctance to participate might reflect symptoms of avoidance frequently seen in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, whether or not those who drop out are at high risk for PTSD remains unclear. Over a 25-month period, 188 TITLE:consecutive patients with motor vehicle accident (MVA)-related injuries admitted emergently were enrolled and followed for 4-6 weeks. Baseline characteristics were compared between subjects who did and did not participate in the follow-up study. At 4-6 weeks, 66 (35.1%) of the participants had dropped out. Bivariate analyses revealed those who dropped out were likely to be men, alcohol drinkers, smokers, unconscious just after MVA, to have fewer years of education, less severe injuries, less posttraumatic symptoms, and lower cooperativeness as assessed by the Temperament and Cognitive

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Section: Objectives Of the Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Are patients after severe injury who drop out of a longitudinal study at high risk of mental disorder?

Nishi

Matsuoka

Nakajima

et al. 2008

Comprehensive Psychiatry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Rothbaum, Foa, Riggs, Murdock, and Walsh (1992), Orcutt, Erickson, and Wolfe (2004), Blanchard et al (1996), Ehlers, Mayou, and Bryant (1998) and Shalev et al (1998) also support this assumption in their findings that in regards to change over time, symptom rates of PTSD decrease after the initial exposure to the trauma. Therefore, I hypothesize that length of time since the affair took place should be related to levels of trauma.…”

Section: Variables That Predict Level Of Traumamentioning

confidence: 60%

Recovery From Infidelity: Exploring Variables Related to the Healing Process

Heintzelman¹

2011

PsycEXTRA Dataset

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“…Gradually, the field has come to see the central importance of trauma in many conditions, including psychosis (Kelleher et al, 2013), depression (Shalev, Freedman, Peri, & Brandes, 1998), borderline personality (MacIntosh, Godbout, & Dubash, 2015), and the recent conception of developmental trauma disorder (Rahim, 2014).…”

Section: Rethinking the Field: A Radical Approach (Birrell)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Guest editorial: Deconstructing disorder: An ordered reaction to a disordered environment

Rosenthal

Reinhardt

Birrell

2016

Journal of Trauma & Dissociation

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Prospective Study of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Depression Following Trauma

Abstract: Major depression and PTSD are independent sequelae of traumatic events, have similar prognoses, and interact to increase distress and dysfunction. Both should be targeted by early treatment interventions and by neurobiological research.

Cited by 848 publications

References 39 publications

Are patients after severe injury who drop out of a longitudinal study at high risk of mental disorder?

Are patients after severe injury who drop out of a longitudinal study at high risk of mental disorder?

Recovery From Infidelity: Exploring Variables Related to the Healing Process

Guest editorial: Deconstructing disorder: An ordered reaction to a disordered environment

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