Prospective study of post-traumatic stress disorder in children involved in road traffic accidents

Stallard, Paul; Velleman, Richard; Baldwin, Sarah

doi:10.1136/bmj.317.7173.1619

Cited by 179 publications

(152 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Other studies on comparable populations of traffic-injured children (ie, children involved in the crash and presenting to the emergency department after road traffic crashes) describe substantial psychobehavioral sequelae, such as mood disturbances, anxiety and depressive symptoms, and, especially, posttraumatic stress disorders. [4][5][6][7]9,10 These studies, however, report on short-term outcomes up to 1 year after the crash. It is also important to realize that our study included a generic HRQOL assessment, and the above-mentioned studies used assessments that detect specific behavioral and psychologic symptoms.…”

Section: Young Traffic Victims' Long-term Hrqolmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, it is only in the past decade that the nonfatal outcome of young traffic injury victims has been addressed in the international literature. [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10] Most of these studies [4][5][6][7][8][9][10] have focused on the psychologic effects and, mainly, on posttraumatic stress reactions. Despite this growing interest in the outcome of young traffic victims, the effects on the long-term health-related quality of life (HRQOL) have received little or no attention.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Young traffic victims' long-term health-related quality of life: Child self-reports and parental reports

Sturms¹,

Sluis²,

Groothoff³

et al. 2003

Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation

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Young traffic victims' long-term health-related quality of life Sturms, LM; van der Sluis, Corry K.; Groothoff, J.W.; ten Duis, HJ; Eisma, WH Take-down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim.Downloaded from the University of Groningen/UMCG research database (Pure): http://www.rug.nl/research/portal. For technical reasons the number of authors shown on this cover page is limited to 10 maximum. Objectives: To describe the long-term health-related quality of life (HRQOL) reported by young traffic injury victims and to assess the child-parent agreement on the child's HRQOL.Design: Cohort study with a mean follow-up of 2.4 years. Setting: Traumatology department in a university hospital in The Netherlands.Participants: All traffic injury victims treated at the traumatology department in 1996 -1997 and aged 8 to 15 years at follow-up (Nϭ254). The data of 157 child-parent pairs were available for analysis (mean follow-up age, 12Ϯ2.4y; 57% boys; 24% hospitalized).Interventions: Not applicable. Main Outcome Measure: TNO-AZL Children's Quality of Life parent and child questionnaires.Results: Young traffic injury victims reported a significantly lower HRQOL in the motor and autonomy scales compared with contemporaries in the reference group. The child-parent agreement ranged from low to moderate (intraclass correlations, .35-.67). A comparison made between the children and their parents found that the children were more negative regarding the physical complaints and the motor, autonomy, and positive-emotion scales.Conclusions: Young traffic injury victims reported a reasonably good long-term HRQOL, and, surprisingly, few psychologic problems were revealed. Physicians who rely only on parental reports may overestimate the child's HRQOL, especially when assessing the physical functioning. The child's own reports should not be neglected in the assessment of a comprehensive picture of the child's HRQOL.

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Section: Young Traffic Victims' Long-term Hrqolmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Young traffic victims' long-term health-related quality of life: Child self-reports and parental reports

Sturms¹,

Sluis²,

Groothoff³

et al. 2003

Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation

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“…In addition, they suggest that a further 30% experience clinically signi®cant symptoms, but do not meet the full criteria. Stallard et al 59 examined the incidence of PTSD in children following road trac accidents with a control group who sustained sports injuries. Both groups were admitted through an Accident and Emergency department.…”

Section: Epidemiology: Incidence and Prevalencementioning

confidence: 99%

Post traumatic stress disorder and spinal cord injuries

Kennedy

Duff

2001

Spinal Cord

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Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) was ®rst recognised by psychiatric international classi®cation systems in 1980 and a wealth of research and treatment literature has developed since. This paper provides a review of PTSD and Spinal Cord Injuries. A brief history of the disorder is provided before descriptions of the de®ning characteristics, assessment and dierential diagnoses. The paper provides an overview of the incidence and prevalence of PTSD and risk factors within the general population, before considering both veteran and non-veteran research within spinal cord injuries. Pharmacological and psychological approaches to the treatment of PTSD are also discussed. The review closes with recommendations for future research into the prevalence and treatment of PTSD in spinal cord injuries.

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“…13 Researchers have recognized the long-term behavioral and psychological consequences of pediatric traffic injury. 14,15 In particular, one quarter to one third of all traffic-injured children 16,17 and 15% of their parents 16 develop PTSD. The high incidence of crashes that involve children and the propensity for these events to result in psychological sequelae highlight the need for providers to be able to distinguish between those who have normal from those who have abnormal adverse reactions to trauma and may need additional care.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute Stress Disorder Symptoms in Children and Their Parents After Pediatric Traffic Injury

et al. 2002

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ABSTRACT. Objective. The American Academy of Pediatrics highlights the important role of pediatricians in recognizing adverse child responses to tragic events, such as traffic crashes. One challenge in effectively identifying children and their parents with troubling psychological responses to trauma is that little is known about the normal range of acute psychological responses in children and their parents in the immediate aftermath of traumatic events, making identification of adverse child responses difficult. Within the first month after a traumatic event, individuals may display reexperiencing, avoidance, and hyperarousal symptoms as well as dissociation (eg, feelings of unreality or emotional numbing). The presence of these responses, collectively known as acute stress disorder (ASD), alerts providers to those who may be at risk for ongoing difficulties. For beginning to develop an evidence base to guide pediatric care providers in addressing acute traumatic responses, the aim of the current investigation was to describe systematically the range and type of symptoms of ASD in children and their parents after pediatric traffic injury.Methods. A prospective cohort study was conducted of traffic-injured children, who were 5 to 17 years of age and admitted to the hospital for treatment of injuries from traffic crashes, and their parents. All children who met eligibility criteria between July 1999 and May 2000 were invited to participate in the study. After consent/ assent was obtained, children and their custodial parents (or guardians) were interviewed within 1 month after injury via a structured assessment to determine the circumstances of the crash and the presence of ASD symptoms. Relevant demographic and clinical information (eg, age, race, gender, date of injury) was abstracted from the medical records of subjects. A survey instrument to assess the presence of ASD symptoms was completed by both the child and his or her guardian. All children completed the Child Acute Stress Questionnaire, and all parents completed the Stanford Acute Stress Reaction Questionnaire. Responses were scored for the presence of dissociation, reexperiencing, avoidance, and/or hyperarousal symptoms as well as broad distress (symptoms present in every category).Results. Symptoms of ASD were commonly observed in the children and parents. Eighty-eight percent of children and 83% of parents reported having at least 1 clinically significant symptom; this affected 90% of the families. Broad distress was observed for a large minority: 28% of children and 23% of parents. No statistically significant association was found between child broad distress and either child age (r ‫؍‬ ؊0.12) or child injury severity score (r ‫؍‬ ؊0.05). 2 analyses revealed no significant association between broad distress and child gender, child race, or mechanism of injury. No statistically significant association was found between parent broad distress and child age (r ‫؍‬ ؊0.06) or child injury severity score (r ‫؍‬ 0.09). 2 analyses revealed no significant ...

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Prospective study of post-traumatic stress disorder in children involved in road traffic accidents

Cited by 179 publications

References 15 publications

Young traffic victims' long-term health-related quality of life: Child self-reports and parental reports

Young traffic victims' long-term health-related quality of life: Child self-reports and parental reports

Post traumatic stress disorder and spinal cord injuries

Acute Stress Disorder Symptoms in Children and Their Parents After Pediatric Traffic Injury

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