Prospective Study of Mother-to-Infant Transmission of Hepatitis C Virus: A 10-Year Survey (1990???2000)

Ferrero, Simone; Lungaro, Pietro; Bruzzone, Bianca; Gotta, Cristina; Bentivoglio, G; Ragni, Nicola

doi:10.1097/01.ogx.0000088881.89216.41

Cited by 9 publications

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“…Gibb et al (40) has reported that among infants born to 441 HCV-infected mothers, half of uninfected infants cleared their anti-HCV antibodies by 8 months and 95% were negative for anti-HCV antibodies at 13 months. Others have reported that anti-HCV antibodies transmitted passively, disappeared in infants by 6 or 8 months (42)(43)(44), and 4 cases who were in-fected perinatally lost anti-HCV antibodies transferred passively from their mothers by 6-12 months before making their own anti-HCV antibodies (37). All these results suggest some infants with anti-HCV antibodies persisting longer than 12 months could be infected cases with temporarily undetectable viremia.…”

Section: Mother-to-infant Transmission For Hcvsupporting

confidence: 49%

“…Although most studies have reported transmission of HCV to infants only from mothers who had detectable HCV-RNA (31,(34)(35)(36)(37), a large multicenter study has reported 5 infections in infants from mothers who had only HCV antibodies (38). This may be due to fluctuating viremia that is undetectable at the time of testing.…”

Section: Mother-to-infant Transmission For Hcvmentioning

confidence: 88%

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Prospective Study of Prevalence and Risk Factors for Hepatitis C in Pregnant Egyptian Women and Its Transmission to Their Infants

et al. 2010

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Aim To estimate the hepatitis C virus (HCV) vertical transmission rate, the effect of potential risk factors, and the pattern of HCV antibody response and viremia in HCV-infected infants in Benha, Egypt.Methods A total of 1224 pregnant women who were treated at Benha University Hospital, Egypt, were included in the study. They completed a questionnaire about risk factors for HCV acquisition and suspected risk factors for mother-to-infant transmission and were tested for HCV antibody using a third-generation ELISA test. Women positive for HCV antibody were tested for HCV RNA by polymerase chain reaction. Peripheral blood of infants of positive HCV-RNA women was tested for HCV antibody and HCV-RNA at 1 and after 6 months of age.Results Out of 1224 pregnant women, 105 (8.6%; 95% confidence interval, 7.05-10.17) were positive for HCV antibody. Only 83 (6.8%; 5.39-7.21) were positive for HCV-RNA. HCV infection was associated with older age (1.16; 1.1-1.2, P = 0.001), blood transfusion (2.69; 1.2-6.0, P = 0.016), and HCV infection of the husband (5.47; 1.4-21, P = 0.014) or other household members (2.29; 1.2-4.6, P = 0.019). Out of 53 infants tested at first month, 43 (81%; 71-92%) were positive for HCV antibody, but only 7 (13%; 4.1-22%) were positive for HCV-RNA. After 6 months, only 2 (3.8%; 0-8.95%) remained positive for HCV RNA. ConclusionsThe prevalence of HCV in pregnant women in Egypt is lower than previously reported and the potential risk factors associated with HCV infection suggest intra-familial transmission. The frequency of vertical transmission of HCV in Egypt is not substantially different from other countries and does not play a role in the high prevalence of HCV in Egypt. CLINICAL SCIENCES doi: 10.3325/cmj.2010.51.219 CLINICAL SCIENCE 220Croat Med J. 2010; 51: 219-28 www.cmj.hrWorldwide, hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is one of the most prevalent causes of liver diseases. There are estimated 300 million carriers of the virus all over the world (1). In the USA, the overall prevalence of HCV antibodies in the general population is 1.8%, the prevalence in children 6-11 years is 0.2%, and in adolescents 12-19 years old is 0.4% (2). In most developed countries, HCV infection is associated with percutaneous blood exposure, primarily as a result of blood transfusion and intravenous drug addiction (3).Egypt has the highest prevalence of hepatitis C in the world. Studies have found widely varying levels (10-50%) of the prevalence, depending on the populations covered; overall, estimates of the HCV rate in the general population range between 10 and 20% (4,5). Geographically, hepatitis C prevalence is higher in Lower Egypt (Nile delta) than Upper Egypt, and it is lower in urban than rural areas (6).In Egypt, the use of contaminated needles and syringes during mass schistosomiasis treatment campaigns during the period the 1960s-1980s has been identified as a key mode of transmission for HCV infection, suggesting that parenteral exposure continues to cause infections (7). Evidence of high interfamili...

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Section: Mother-to-infant Transmission For Hcvsupporting

confidence: 49%

Section: Mother-to-infant Transmission For Hcvmentioning

confidence: 88%

Prospective Study of Prevalence and Risk Factors for Hepatitis C in Pregnant Egyptian Women and Its Transmission to Their Infants

et al. 2010

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“…51 In developed countries, the estimated risk of vertical transmission of HCV infection ranges from 2% to 6% and is almost always confined to women who have detectable HCV RNA. [52][53][54] The mode of delivery does not affect risk of transmission, with similar rates of infection in infants delivered by cesarean section or vaginally. 55 The role of breastfeeding in HCV transmission has been controversial.…”

Section: What Proportion Of Thalassemia Patients Have Chronic Viral Imentioning

confidence: 99%

Management of chronic viral hepatitis in patients with thalassemia: recommendations from an international panel

Marco

Capra²,

Angelucci³

et al. 2010

Blood

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IntroductionIn the last 4 decades, regular blood transfusions and chelation therapy have improved the survival of patients with thalassemia major. 1-3 Despite the progress on chelation therapy, cardiac complications remain the main cause of death among transfusiondependent thalassemia patients related to the susceptibility of cardiac cells to iron overload toxicity. 4,5 The interest in the clinical management of chronic liver diseases has been increasing, however, because of the high prevalence of viral infections in adult transfusion-dependent thalassemia patients and the central role of the liver in regulating the iron metabolism. 5,6 The assessment of heart and liver iron overload is required to tailor iron chelation therapy. Furthermore, the diagnosis of hepatitis B virus (HBV)-or hepatitis C virus (HCV)-related chronic hepatitis is required to identify patients who have a high risk of developing liver complications and who may obtain a benefit by antiviral therapy.The goals of this paper are to summarize the epidemiology and the risks of transmission of viral infections, to analyze invasive and noninvasive methods for the diagnosis of chronic liver disease, to report the knowledge on clinical course of chronic viral hepatitis, and to suggest the management of antiviral therapy. For personal use only. on May 12, 2018. by guest www.bloodjournal.org From An expert hepatologist prepared an initial draft based on systematic review of published literature by Medline search on viral hepatitis in thalassemia patients, examined recently published guidelines on the diagnosis, management, and treatment of chronic hepatitis B and chronic hepatitis C edited by the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases, the European Association for the Study of the Liver, and the Asian-Pacific Association for the Study of the Liver 7-10 and the Consensus Development Conference sponsored by the National Institutes of Health. 11 Recommendations of the panel of experts were based insofar as possible on evidence from publications that reported data on thalassemia patients. If evidence from thalassemia patients was unavailable, the panel selected recommendations from published guidelines that were suitable for thalassemia patients. Recommendations were evaluated according to the Grading of Recommendations Assessment Development and Evaluation system and classified into 3 levels: high, moderate, or low 12 (Table 1). For each recommendation, the level of evidence (high, moderate, or low) and population studied (general population of patients with viral chronic hepatitis or thalassemia patients) was specified. The panel of experts discussed the draft issue by issue, and 3 experts on blood transfusion, iron metabolism, and viral hepatitis management reviewed the recommendations. Finally, 8 international external experts in pediatrics, hematology, and viral hepatitis reviewed and criticized the recommendations. Methods Results What proportion of thalassemia patients have chronic viral infections?Worldwide, from 0.3% to 5.7% of thala...

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“…In Mexico [20] , anti-HCV Ab was detected in 0.5% of newborns who were delivered to mothers who had anti-HCV Ab. However, other authors [25] have found a very low risk of HCV vertical transmission in infants born to HCV viraemic mothers, and they added that the high maternal viral load (more than 5,000 copies/ml) was predictive in vertical transmission. Out of 8 HCV-RNA positive pregnant women, 6 delivered vaginally; their newborns showed 5 (75%) anti-HCV Ab positive, while the other 2 newborns (25%) who were delivered by elective cesarean section were anti-HCV Ab negative, yet all of them were HCV-RNA negative.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similar findings were obtained by other authors [8,22] who proved that anti-HCV Ab had disappeared between 2-7 months. However, in Italy it had been demonstrated that infants born to HCV-RNA positive mothers had lost their anti-HCV Ab after 12 months [25] . History has shown that of the anti-HCV Ab negative 300 infants, 4 of their mothers (1.3%) were HCV-RNA positive, and all of them had breast-fed their infants for at least 3 months.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis C Virus Infection in Pregnant Women and its Vertical Transmission in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

Al-Ghamdi¹

2007

med

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Abstract. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection among pregnant women and the possibility of its transmission through the vertical route and through breast-feeding. Blood samples were collected from 300 pregnant women at the perinatal period and at delivery from the cord blood of their newborns, and from other 300 randomly selected breast-fed infants. Serum transaminases, anti-HCV Ab and HCV-RNA by PCR for only those with positive anti-HCV Ab were investigated. Results revealed that 9 (3%) mothers were positive for anti-HCV Ab and 8 (2.7%) were positive for HCV-RNA (viral load was below 5,000 copies / ml). However, only 5 newborns of HCV-RNA positive mothers showed positive results in (1.6%) for anti-HCV Ab, while all of them were negative by HCV-RNA. Meanwhile, all of the breast-fed infants were negative for anti-HCV Ab. Thus, this study could not reveal HCV transmission from mother to infant during the period of observation, yet a vertical transmission of HCV Ab was noticed. It is felt that it is not necessary to advise against breast-feeding prevention by mothers with HCV infection as long as there is no nipple cracking or bleeding.

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Prospective Study of Mother-to-Infant Transmission of Hepatitis C Virus: A 10-Year Survey (1990???2000)

Cited by 9 publications

References 0 publications

Prospective Study of Prevalence and Risk Factors for Hepatitis C in Pregnant Egyptian Women and Its Transmission to Their Infants

Prospective Study of Prevalence and Risk Factors for Hepatitis C in Pregnant Egyptian Women and Its Transmission to Their Infants

Management of chronic viral hepatitis in patients with thalassemia: recommendations from an international panel

Hepatitis C Virus Infection in Pregnant Women and its Vertical Transmission in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

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