Prospective study of 125 cases of Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia in children in New Zealand

Hill, Philip C.; Wong, CW; Voss, Lesley; Taylor, Susan; Pottumarthy, Sudha; Drinković, Dragana; Morris, Arthur J.

doi:10.1097/00006454-200109000-00009

Cited by 67 publications

(83 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…In Australia, the incidence of SAB in the indigenous population is 5.8 to 20 times that of nonindigenous Australians (30)(31)(32). Similarly, Maori and Pacific Island people have significantly higher rates of incidence of SAB than do those of European ethnicity in New Zealand (33,34). Differences in markers of the socioeconomic status of indigenous compared to nonindigenous populations do not fully explain the disparity between these groups (31).…”

Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Staphylococcus aureus Infections: Epidemiology, Pathophysiology, Clinical Manifestations, and Management

et al. 2015

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SUMMARY Staphylococcus aureus is a major human pathogen that causes a wide range of clinical infections. It is a leading cause of bacteremia and infective endocarditis as well as osteoarticular, skin and soft tissue, pleuropulmonary, and device-related infections. This review comprehensively covers the epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, and management of each of these clinical entities. The past 2 decades have witnessed two clear shifts in the epidemiology of S. aureus infections: first, a growing number of health care-associated infections, particularly seen in infective endocarditis and prosthetic device infections, and second, an epidemic of community-associated skin and soft tissue infections driven by strains with certain virulence factors and resistance to β-lactam antibiotics. In reviewing the literature to support management strategies for these clinical manifestations, we also highlight the paucity of high-quality evidence for many key clinical questions.

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Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Staphylococcus aureus Infections: Epidemiology, Pathophysiology, Clinical Manifestations, and Management

et al. 2015

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“…The incidence of paediatric SAB varied widely between hospitals (223,224,229) and regions (31,208,213,218,219). Regional variation in paediatric SAB incidence is also evident in other reports that were not included as a paediatric SAB series in the systematic review (207,(235)(236)(237)(238)(239)(240)(241).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Regional variation in paediatric SAB incidence is also evident in other reports that were not included as a paediatric SAB series in the systematic review (207,(235)(236)(237)(238)(239)(240)(241). Higher annual incidence rates are reported in infants <1 year of age (24-178/100,000) (208,213,218,219,(235)(236)(237)(238), in infants from developing countries (89-178/100,000) (236,238), and amongst particular ethnic groups (such as NZ's Pacific Island infants; 105/100,000) within developed countries (31). Data from the Danish national registry (208) and a large US paediatric hospital network information system (111) indicate evidence for recent increases in SAB incidence in some regions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Paediatric hospital series documenting CA-MRSA as a cause of community associated S. aureus infections have also been reported from countries including Canada (5.4% CA-MRSA) (26), Brazil (4.9%) (27), Greece (62%) (28) Taiwan (56%) (29) and New Zealand (NZ; 12% in staphylococcal sepsis requiring ICU admission, 6% in a bacteraemia series and 20% in OAI and SSTI series) (30)(31)(32).…”

Section: Epidemiology Of Ca-mrsamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…French, Spanish, Japanese and Chinese articles were able to be reviewed, but not articles in Russian. Twenty four paediatric SAB series were finally included (Table 6) (31,208,. In view of the relatively limited data, publications…”

Section: Literature Searchmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Community-Associated Meticillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus: increased burden of infections in children and young people in Queensland and Australia

Vaska¹

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Epidemiology and Mortality of Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia in Australian and New Zealand Children

et al. 2016

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IMPORTANCE Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia (SAB) in children causes significant morbidity and mortality, but the epidemiology in children is not well characterized.OBJECTIVE To describe the epidemiology of SAB in children and adolescents younger than 18 years from Australia and New Zealand. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTSA prospective cohort study, using data from the Australian New Zealand Cooperative on Outcomes in Staphylococcal Sepsis cohort for 1153 children with SAB from birth to less than 18 years in pediatric and general hospitals across Australia and New Zealand, collected between January 1, 2007, and December 31, 2012. Multivariate analysis was performed to identify risk factors for mortality. Incidence calculations were calculated separately for Australasian children younger than 15 years using postcode population denominator data from Australian and New Zealand census data.MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Demographic data, hospital length of stay, principal diagnosis, place of SAB onset (community or hospital), antibiotic susceptibility and principal antibiotic treatment, and 7-and 30-day mortality.RESULTS Of the 1153 children with SAB, complete outcome data were available for 1073 children (93.1%); of these, males accounted for 684 episodes (63.7%) of SAB. The median age was 57 months (interquartile range, 2 months to 12 years). The annual incidence of SAB for Australian children was 8.3 per 100 000 population and was higher in indigenous children (incident rate ratio, 3.0 [95% CI, 2.4-3.7]), and the incidence for New Zealand children was 14.4 per 100 000 population and was higher in Māori children (incident rate ratio, 5.4 [95% CI, 4.1-7.0]). Community-onset SAB occurred in 761 cases (70.9%), and 142 cases (13.2%) of the infections were methicillin-resistant S aureus (MRSA). Bone or joint infection was most common with 348 cases (32.4%), and endocarditis was uncommon with 30 cases (2.8%). Seven-and 30-day mortality rates were 2.6% (n = 28) and 4.7% (n = 50), respectively. Risk factors for mortality were age younger than 1 year; Māori or Pacific ethnicity; endocarditis, pneumonia, or sepsis; and receiving no treatment or treatment with vancomycin. Mortality was 14.0% (6 of 43) in children with methicillin-susceptible S aureus (MSSA) treated with vancomycin compared with 2.6% (22 of 851) in children treated with alternative agents (OR, 6.1 [95% CI, 1.9-16.7]). MRSA infection was associated with increased length of stay but not mortality. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCEIn this large cohort study of the epidemiology of SAB in children, death was uncommon, but the incidence was higher for infants and varied by treatment, ethnicity, and clinical presentation. This study provides important information on the epidemiology of SAB in children and risk factors for mortality.

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Prospective study of 125 cases of Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia in children in New Zealand

Abstract: S. aureus bacteremia is largely community-acquired in children in New Zealand and is more common in Pacific Island and Maori populations. Although there is a low associated mortality, a significant number are potentially preventable cases secondary to intravenous catheters.

Cited by 67 publications

References 27 publications

Staphylococcus aureus Infections: Epidemiology, Pathophysiology, Clinical Manifestations, and Management

Staphylococcus aureus Infections: Epidemiology, Pathophysiology, Clinical Manifestations, and Management

Community-Associated Meticillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus: increased burden of infections in children and young people in Queensland and Australia

Epidemiology and Mortality of Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia in Australian and New Zealand Children

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