Prospective reciprocal relations between physical activity and depression in female adolescents.

Jerstad, Sarah J.; Boutelle, Kerri N.; Ness, Kirsten K.; Stice, Eric

doi:10.1037/a0018793

Cited by 177 publications

(204 citation statements)

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“…Longitudinal studies have yielded mixed results in adolescents. Although Jerstad et al [9] demonstrated a bidirectional relationship between exercise and depression, Birkeland et al [8] could not. The bidirectional association between PA and depression found in our study provides support for both the protection hypothesis and inhibition hypothesis, which were mentioned earlier in the Introduction section.…”

Section: Limitations and Strengths Of This Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…First, evidence regarding the association between PA and depression is even more ambiguous in adolescents than in adults. Although cross-sectional and intervention studies in adolescents have shown moderate to strong associations between PA and depression, respectively [20,21], longitudinal studies have yielded mixed results, varying from strong effects [17,22] to weak [9,23] or even no effects at all [8,24]. Second, a substantial number of adolescents evince subthreshold depressive symptoms [25].…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Weyerer et al [7] showed a cross-sectional association between low levels of PA and depression, but could not find a prospective association at 5-year followup. Since then, only a few studies have assessed the direction of the association between depression and PA, and those were relatively unsuccessful in giving a clear answer [8,9]. Intervention trials have yielded ambiguous results as well.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Bidirectional Prospective Associations Between Physical Activity and Depressive Symptoms. The TRAILS Study

Stavrakakis

Jonge

Ormel

et al. 2012

Journal of Adolescent Health

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A B S T R A C TPurpose: Low levels of physical activity (PA) have been shown to be associated with depression in adults. The few studies that focused on adolescents yielded mixed and inconsistent results. Efforts to examine the direction of this relationship have been inconclusive up to now. The aims of this study were therefore to investigate (1) the direction of the inverse association between PA and depressive symptoms over time, and (2) whether these associations are specific to particular clusters of depressive symptoms in adolescents. Methods: Depressive symptoms and PA were assessed in a population sample of adolescents (N ϭ 2,230) who were measured at three waves between age 10 and age 17. Depressive symptoms were measured by the Affective Problems scale of the Youth Self-Report and Child Behavior Checklist, whereas PA was operationalized as the amount of time spent on physical exercise. Structural equation modeling was used to examine bidirectional effects of PA and depressive symptoms over time. Results: We found significant cross-lagged paths from prior PA to later depression as well as from prior depression to later PA (beta values ϭ Ϫ.039 to Ϫ.047). After subdividing depression into affective and somatic symptoms, the affective symptoms were reciprocally related to PA, whereas the paths between somatic symptoms and PA did not reach statistical significance. Conclusions: An inverse bidirectional association between PA and general depressive symptoms was observed. This association was restricted to affective symptoms.

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Section: Limitations and Strengths Of This Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bidirectional Prospective Associations Between Physical Activity and Depressive Symptoms. The TRAILS Study

Stavrakakis

Jonge

Ormel

et al. 2012

Journal of Adolescent Health

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“…Previous studies have shown that physical activity has a range of positive psychological and physiological health benefits for adolescents and is an important component of a healthy lifestyle [9][10][11][12][13].However,the frequency of physical activity and exercise seem to decrease from childhood to adolescence, especially in girls [14,15]. Cross-sectional and longitudinal studies have stated that physical activity is beneficial in relation to depression in adolescents [9,[16][17][18]. Beneficial mechanisms explained by biological factors suggest that the relationship between physical activity and depression is mediated by acute physiological responses including an increase in endorphin production, monoamine circulation, or lower responses from stress [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Relationship between Stress, Leisure Time Vigorous Physical Activity and Depressive Symptoms in Adolescents

Moksnes¹,

Lillefjell²

2014

J Child Adolesc Behav

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Background: This study investigated the association between stress, leisure-time vigorous physical activity (LVPA) and depressive symptoms in adolescents 13-18 years. The stress moderating role of LVPA was also investigated. Clarification of the role of physical activity in relation to stress and mental health can be used to form health promoting interventions to strengthen adolescent development. Methods:The sample consisted of n = 1183 students from public schools in Mid-Norway (age groups: 13-14 years, 15-16 years and 17-18 years). The adolescents reported scores on the Adolescent Stress Questionnaire (ASQ), a scale assessing non-clinical depressive symptoms and one item assessing frequency of LVPA.Results: Boys` mean scores on LVPA increased with age, whereas girls' scores remained stable across the age groups. A significant association was found between increasing stress related to stress of peer pressure, school attendance, and school performance and depressive symptoms for both boys and girls. For girls, stress of home life was additionally significantly associated with depressive symptoms. In sum, the stress domains explained 42% of the variance in depressive symptoms for girls and 28% of the variance for boys. LVPA did not show a significant association with depressive symptoms for either boys or girls. A stress protective role of high LVPA was found for boys in relation to stress of peer pressure, teacher/adult interaction and school performance. In girls, a significant stress protective effect of high LVPA was found in relation to stress of home life and peer pressure. Conclusion:The results show that the stress explained most of the variance in depressive symptoms in both genders, whereas LVPA had a limited role. Results encourage a search for further knowledge about the association between domain specific stress, LVPA and depressive symptoms and the development of interventions itself is needed targeting stress related problems.

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“…These benefits are caused by biological factors that connect changes that occur during and after completing an exercise [27]. Therefore, there seems to be an eminent relationship between the amount of exercise performed and the prevalence of severe mental disorders such as schizophrenia [28][29][30]. There are several types of training that can be used for promoting mental health, but the prescription forms and its effects in psychiatric patients, more specifically in schizophrenia, needs to be further studied [31].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Exercise on Physical and Mental Health, and Cognitive and Brain Functions in Schizophrenia: Clinical and Experimental Evidence

Rimes¹,

Moura²,

Lamego³

et al. 2015

CNSNDDT

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Exercise promotes several health benefits, such as cardiovascular, musculoskeletal and cardiorespiratory improvements. It is believed that the practice of exercise in individuals with psychiatric disorders, e.g. schizophrenia, can cause significant changes. Schizophrenic patients have problematic lifestyle habits compared with general population; this may cause a high mortality rate, mainly caused by cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. Thus, the aim of this study is to investigate changes in physical and mental health, cognitive and brain functioning due to the practice of exercise in patients with schizophrenia. Although still little is known about the benefits of exercise on mental health, cognitive and brain functioning of schizophrenic patients, exercise training has been shown to be a beneficial intervention in the control and reduction of disease severity. Type of training, form of execution, duration and intensity need to be better studied as the effects on physical and mental health, cognition and brain activity depend exclusively of interconnected factors, such as the combination of exercise and medication. However, one should understand that exercise is not only an effective nondrug alternative, but also acts as a supporting linking up interventions to promote improvements in process performance optimization. In general, the positive effects on mental health, cognition and brain activity as a result of an exercise program are quite evident. Few studies have been published correlating effects of exercise in patients with schizophrenia, but there is increasing evidence that positive and negative symptoms can be improved. Therefore, it is important that further studies be undertaken to expand the knowledge of physical exercise on mental health in people with schizophrenia, as well as its dose-response and the most effective type of exercise.

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Prospective reciprocal relations between physical activity and depression in female adolescents.

Cited by 177 publications

References 30 publications

Bidirectional Prospective Associations Between Physical Activity and Depressive Symptoms. The TRAILS Study

Bidirectional Prospective Associations Between Physical Activity and Depressive Symptoms. The TRAILS Study

The Relationship between Stress, Leisure Time Vigorous Physical Activity and Depressive Symptoms in Adolescents

Effects of Exercise on Physical and Mental Health, and Cognitive and Brain Functions in Schizophrenia: Clinical and Experimental Evidence

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