Prospective population-based incidence of Haemophilus influenzae type b meningitis in Thailand

Rerks-Ngarm, Supachai; Treleaven, Sophie; Chunsuttiwat, Supamit; Muangchana, Charung; Jolley, Damien; Brooks, Alan D.; Dejsirilert, Surang; Warintrawat, Sirisak; Guiver, Malcolm; Kunasol, Prayura; Maynard, James E.; Biggs, Beverley‐Ann; Steinhoff, Mark C.

doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2003.09.013

Cited by 31 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…After adjusting for limitations in the surveillance system, we estimated that the incidence of Hib meningitis in children younger than 5 years was 40 cases per 100,000. This incidence rate was higher than reported in recent studies from Thailand [6], South Korea [5], Indonesia [8], and Vietnam [7]. Although we found a lower rate of suspected meningitis than that found in these other 4 studies, the rate of probable or confirmed bacterial meningitis in Ulaanbataar was similar to the rates found in Indonesia, South Korea, and Vietnam and higher than the rate found in Thailand.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 51%

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Childhood Bacterial Meningitis in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia, 2002–2004

et al. 2009

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 51%

“…Fourth, some cases of suspected bacterial meningitis had no cause identified. In many countries, this finding is probably attributable to frequent outpatient use of antibiotics [4,6,15]. In Ulaanbaatar, antibiotic use before hospital admission is also common.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Childhood Bacterial Meningitis in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia, 2002–2004

et al. 2009

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“…This was a surprise in part because available data suggest a low incidence of Hib-associated invasive disease in Thailand [27], although there are concerns that existing data from Asia underestimate the true burden [28,29]. Additionally, on a global level, Hib is generally perceived not to be an important AOM pathogen.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Haemophilus influenzae type b as an important cause of culture-positive acute otitis media in young children in Thailand: a tympanocentesis-based, multi-center, cross-sectional study

et al. 2014

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BackgroundStreptococcus pneumoniae (S. pneumoniae) and Haemophilus influenzae (H. influenzae) are considered major causes of bacterial acute otitis media (AOM) worldwide, but data from Asia on primary causes of AOM are limited. This tympanocentesis-based, multi-center, cross-sectional study assessed bacterial etiology and antimicrobial susceptibility of AOM in Thailand.MethodsChildren 3 to 59 months presenting with AOM (< 72 hours of onset) who had not received prescribed antibiotics, or subjects who received prescribed antibiotics but remained symptomatic after 48–72 hours (treatment failures), were eligible. Study visits were conducted from April 2008 to August 2009. Bacteria were identified from middle ear fluid collected by tympanocentesis or spontaneous otorrhea swab sampling (< 20% of cases). S. pneumoniae and H. influenzae serotypes were determined and antimicrobial resistance was also assessed.ResultsOf the 123 enrolled children, 112 were included in analysis and 48% of the 118 samples were positive for S. pneumoniae (23% (27/118)), H. influenzae (18% (21/118)), Moraxella catarrhalis (6% (7/118)) or Streptococcus pyogenes (3% (4/118)). The most common pneumococcal serotypes were 19F (26%) and 14 (22%). The majority of H. influenzae isolates were encapsulated (18/21), with 13 type b (Hib) representing 62% of all H. influenzae isolate or 11% of all samples (13/118), and there were only 3 non-typeable isolates. Despite high antibiotic resistance, amoxicillin/clavulanate susceptibility was high. No pneumococcal vaccine use was reported.ConclusionsS. pneumoniae and H. influenzae, both frequently antibiotic resistant, were leading causes of bacterial AOM and there was an unexpectedly high burden of Hib in this population unvaccinated by any Hib conjugate vaccine. Conjugate vaccines effective against pneumococcus and H. influenzae could potentially reduce the burden of AOM in this population.

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“…37 A recent population-based study in northern Thailand was able to document an annual incidence of Hib meningitis of 3.8 cases per 100,000; however, the authors speculated that this might be a minimal estimate, for the same reasons that have limited other studies, including laboratory limitations and pretreatment with antibiotics. 38 Although carriage and incidence of invasive disease are correlated, there may be differences in the types of strains from invasive and noninvasive sites that make inferences from colonization to invasive disease difficult. For example, one study found that more virulent strains were unable to colonize the nasopharynx.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiologic Study of Conjunctivitis-Otitis Syndrome

Bingen

Cohen²,

Jourenkova³

et al. 2005

Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal

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We conducted a prospective cross-sectional epidemiologic study of conjunctivitis-otitis syndrome during two 3-week periods of consecutive winters. A representative sample of 184 pediatricians and ear, nose and throat specialists in the Paris area recruited 2901 children from 6 to 36 months of age presenting with acute otitis media, of whom 465 (16%) also had purulent conjunctivitis. In sampled children, the culture of the conjunctival exudate yielded bacterial pathogens in 419 patients: Haemophilus influenzae, 371 (89%); Streptococcus pneumoniae, 72 (17%); and Branhamella catarrhalis, 23 (5%). Pulsed field gel electrophoresis analysis of paired H. influenzae isolates from the conjunctival exudate and middle ear fluid of 21 patients showed identical strains in each patient.

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Prospective population-based incidence of Haemophilus influenzae type b meningitis in Thailand

Cited by 31 publications

References 22 publications

Childhood Bacterial Meningitis in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia, 2002–2004

Childhood Bacterial Meningitis in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia, 2002–2004

Haemophilus influenzae type b as an important cause of culture-positive acute otitis media in young children in Thailand: a tympanocentesis-based, multi-center, cross-sectional study

Epidemiologic Study of Conjunctivitis-Otitis Syndrome

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