Prospective evaluation of oral mucositis in acute leukemia patients receiving chemotherapy

Abstract

OM is a frequent and early side effect of CT closely correlated with oral pain, difficulty to swallow, and impairment in food intake.

Double‐blind placebo‐controlled randomized clinical trial evaluating doxycycline effects on chemotherapy‐induced oral mucositis

“…An interesting finding of the present study was the relatively low OM frequency (10.2%) found, in contrast with the 24%‐41% reported in studies carried out in comparable populations . The lower rate of OM found could be the result of the application of rigorous diagnostic criteria for OM, ruling out in every case the possibility of oral candidosis or HSV infection misdiagnosis.…”

Telmisartan Modulates the Oral Mucositis Induced by 5-Fluorouracil in Hamsters

“…The NFκB increases the levels of proinflammatory cytokines as TNF-α and IL-1β, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and the transforming growth factor β (TGF-β)/SMAD 2/3 pathway (Sonis, 2004, 2009; Ribeiro et al, 2017). Proinflammatory cytokines amplify the tissue damage and the apoptosis of specially submucosal and basal epithelial cells (Ramirez-Amador et al, 2010). Macrophages are activated, which promote tissue damage by expressing metalloproteinases and producing additional TNF-α.…”

TNF as marker of oral candidiasis, HSV infection, and mucositis onset during chemotherapy in leukemia patients

“…Chemotherapeutic agents used in acute leukemia (AL) during the induction phase result in severe systemic immunosuppression (Döhner et al., ; Park et al., ); thus, 40–90% of treated patients may develop oral lesions (OLs) (Morais et al., ; Ponce‐Torres et al., ; Ramírez‐Amador et al., ; Wong, ). The dysfunction of the innate and adaptive immune response produced for both AL and chemotherapy determines the development of specific OLs such as oral candidiasis (OC) and herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection (Correia et al., ; Haverman et al., ; Lalla et al., ).…”

“…The dysfunction of the innate and adaptive immune response produced for both AL and chemotherapy determines the development of specific OLs such as oral candidiasis (OC) and herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection (Correia et al., ; Haverman et al., ; Lalla et al., ). OC is the most frequent fungal infection in AL patients, affecting 28% (Ramírez‐Amador et al., ) to 40% (Lalla et al., ) of them. Similarly, prevalence rates of oral HSV infection are high, ranging from 14% (Ramírez‐Amador et al., ) to 50% (Elad et al., ).…”

“…OC is the most frequent fungal infection in AL patients, affecting 28% (Ramírez‐Amador et al., ) to 40% (Lalla et al., ) of them. Similarly, prevalence rates of oral HSV infection are high, ranging from 14% (Ramírez‐Amador et al., ) to 50% (Elad et al., ).…”