Prospective evaluation of maternal serum human chorionic gonadotropin levels in 3428 pregnancies

Bogart, Mark H.; Jones, Oliver W.; Felder, Robin A.; Best, Robert G.; Bradley, Linda; Butts, William C.; Crandall, Barbara F.; MacMahon, Wendy; Wians, Frank H.; Loeh, Paulette V.

doi:10.1016/0002-9378(91)90305-b

Cited by 37 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…It has been reported that independently of maternal body weight, Asian and African-American women have higher levels of hCG and AFP compared with Caucasian and Hispanic women (27)(28)(29)(30), which is consistent with the results of our study.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Effects of Parity on Pregnancy Hormonal Profiles Across Ethnic Groups with a Diverse Incidence of Breast Cancer

Arslan

Zeleniuch‐Jacquotte

Lukanova

et al. 2006

Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers &Amp; Prevention

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Epidemiologic evidence suggests that a full-term pregnancy may affect maternal risk of breast cancer later in life. The objective of this cross-sectional study was to compare circulating levels of maternal hormones affecting breast differentiation (human chorionic gonadotropin and prolactin) and proliferation [A-fetoprotein, insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I), and estradiol] between women at a low to moderate risk (Asians and Hispanics), as compared with women at a high risk for breast cancer (Caucasians and African-Americans). Between May 2002 and December 2004, a total of 586 pregnant women were approached during a routine prenatal visit. Among them, 450 women (206 Caucasian, 126 Asian, 88 Hispanic, and 30 AfricanAmerican) met the inclusion criteria and signed the informed consent. Only singleton pregnancies were considered. Blood samples were drawn during the second trimester of pregnancy. Laboratory analyses were done using the IMMULITE 2000 immunoassay system. Gestational age standardized mean levels of estradiol, IGF-I, and prolactin were significantly higher in Hispanic women compared with Caucasian women. Mean concentration of IGF-I was significantly higher in African-American women compared with Caucasian and Asian women. No significant differences in pregnancy hormone levels were observed between Caucasian and Asian (predominantly second-generation Chinese) women in this study. Irrespective of ethnicity, women who had their first pregnancy had substantially higher mean levels of A-fetoprotein, human chorionic gonadotropin, estradiol, and prolactin compared with women who previously had at least one full-term pregnancy. These data suggest that circulating pregnancy hormone levels may explain some of the ethnic differences in breast cancer risk. (Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2006;15(11):2123 -30)

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Effects of Parity on Pregnancy Hormonal Profiles Across Ethnic Groups with a Diverse Incidence of Breast Cancer

Arslan

Zeleniuch‐Jacquotte

Lukanova

et al. 2006

Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers &Amp; Prevention

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“…Passing-Bablok regression produced variable slopes ranging from 0.28 to The median values for each of the four markers at [15][16][17][18][19][20] weeks of gestations are presented in Table 2.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance Characteristics of the UniCel DxI 800 Immunoassay for the Maternal Serum Quadruple Test, Including Median Values for Each Week of Gestation, in Korean Women

et al. 2010

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Maternal serum prenatal quadruple screening includes tests for alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG), unconjugated estriol (uE3), and dimeric inhibin A (DIA). Measurements of maternal serum AFP, uE3, and hCG, as well as maternal age, are widely used in the second trimester for the identification of pregnancies at high risk of Down syndrome [1,2]. The maternal serum mid-trimester triple marker test is also a widely accepted protocol in Korea [3][4][5]. The triple test (AFP, uE3, hCG Background : Maternal serum prenatal quadruple screening includes testing for alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG), unconjugated estriol (uE3), and dimeric inhibin A (DIA). We evaluated quadruple screening using an automated platform and looked for any ethnic differences in the median values of each marker.Methods : We measured the concentrations of each quadruple test analyte using the UniCel DxI 800 system (Beckman Coulter, USA) in 788 Korean mid-trimester maternal serum samples and calculated their median values using Benetech software (Benetech, Canada). We also compared the results with those obtained using the Immulite 2000 assay (Siemens Healthcare Diagnostics, USA) or ELISA (DSL, USA) in 442 samples.Results : We obtained mid-trimester median values for each marker. The following are the comparative results for each test using the Immulite 2000 assay or ELISA (x) and the UniCel DxI 800 immunoassay (y): AFP, y=1.10x+0. 01, r=0.925; uE3, y=0.28x+0.24, r=0.885; hCG, r=0.944; and DIA, y=0.86x+15.31, r=0.833. Assay results for each of the four markers showed good correlations. However, significant biases necessitated new median calculations of prenatal risk estimates in all four tests.Conclusions : We established gestational age-specific second-trimester median values for four markers in Korean samples using the UniCel DxI 800 immunoassay system. Despite significant bias, there were good correlations between the results obtained using the UniCel DxI 800 immunoassay and those obtained using the Immulite 2000 assay. (Korean J Lab Med 2010;30:126-32)

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“…The age specific risk estimates and the medians of the biochemical markers used in the United Kingdom are derived from largely white populations and extrapolated to other populations on the assumption that “there is no reason to believe that they cannot be generally applied.”1 Yet racial differences have been found in the age specific rates for Down's syndrome4 and in the medians of the biochemical markers 5…”

Section: Commentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethnic differences in the outcome of serum screening for Down's syndrome

Gilbert

Nicholl²,

Alex³

et al. 1996

BMJ

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Prospective evaluation of maternal serum human chorionic gonadotropin levels in 3428 pregnancies

Cited by 37 publications

References 21 publications

Effects of Parity on Pregnancy Hormonal Profiles Across Ethnic Groups with a Diverse Incidence of Breast Cancer

Effects of Parity on Pregnancy Hormonal Profiles Across Ethnic Groups with a Diverse Incidence of Breast Cancer

Performance Characteristics of the UniCel DxI 800 Immunoassay for the Maternal Serum Quadruple Test, Including Median Values for Each Week of Gestation, in Korean Women

Ethnic differences in the outcome of serum screening for Down's syndrome

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