Prospective direct formate fuel cell

Jiang, Junhua; Wiȩckowski, Andrzej

doi:10.1016/j.elecom.2012.02.017

Cited by 115 publications

(82 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Only a formate fuel solution without KOH results in a positive energy gain. When no base is present in the fuel solution the product of oxidation CO 2 is released as gas (Equation (4)) [9,10,18,28]. fuel batches are better than the values obtained under identical conditions with a Pd/C catalyst at the anode (12.5 kJ, 88% and 42% respectively) in our recent study [15].…”

Section: Dffc Performancementioning

confidence: 90%

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Improving the Energy Efficiency of Direct Formate Fuel Cells with a Pd/C-CeO2 Anode Catalyst and Anion Exchange Ionomer in the Catalyst Layer

et al. 2018

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This article describes the development of a high power density Direct Formate Fuel Cell (DFFC) fed with potassium formate (KCOOH). The membrane electrode assembly (MEA) contains no platinum metal. The cathode catalyst is FeCo/C combined with a commercial anion exchange membrane (AEM). To enhance the power output and energy efficiency we have employed a nanostructured Pd/C-CeO 2 anode catalyst. The activity for the formate oxidation reaction (FOR) is enhanced when compared to a Pd/C catalyst with the same Pd loading. Fuel cell tests at 60 • C show a peak power density of almost 250 mW cm −2 . The discharge energy (14 kJ), faradic efficiency (89%) and energy efficiency (46%) were determined for a single fuel charge (30 mL of 4 M KCOOH and 4 M KOH). Energy analysis demonstrates that removal of the expensive KOH electrolyte is essential for the future development of these devices. To compensate we apply for the first time a polymeric ionomer in the catalyst layer of the anode electrode. A homopolymer is synthesized by the radical polymerization of vinyl benzene chloride followed by amination with 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane (DABCO). The energy delivered, energy efficiency and fuel consumption efficiency of DFFCs fed with 4 M KCOOH are doubled with the use of the ionomer.

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Section: Dffc Performancementioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Dffc Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

Improving the Energy Efficiency of Direct Formate Fuel Cells with a Pd/C-CeO2 Anode Catalyst and Anion Exchange Ionomer in the Catalyst Layer

et al. 2018

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“…Thus, formate has been proved to be readily oxidized in alkaline media as successfully demonstrated by Jiang and Wieckowski [31,32] and Bartrom and Hann [33].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Use of PtAu/C electrocatalysts toward formate oxidation: electrochemical and fuel cell considerations

Silva

Buzzo

et al. 2016

Mater Renew Sustain Energy

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This study reports the use of PtAu/C electrocatalysts with different atomic ratios (90:10, 70:30 and 50:50) supported on Vulcan XC 72 carbon and prepared by the sodium borohydride method toward formate electrooxidation in alkaline media. The materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction, showing peaks characteristics of Pt and Au face-centered-cubic structures, and also by transmission electron micrographs that show the nanoparticles well dispersed on carbon and a mean particle size between 4 and 5 nm for all electrocatalysts. Electrochemical experiments show PtAu/C as promising catalysts toward formate oxidation, while single cell experiments reveal PtAu/C 90:10 as the best material since it provides a power density higher than Pt/C. The incorporation of Au could increase formate oxidation for more than one reason: (i) a facilitated rupture of C-H bond; (ii) the Au/oxide interface or (iii) by regenerating active sites.

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“…As mentioned before, the CO 2 molecules originated from the formate electro-oxidation (or even from the air-breathing cathode) will react with OH − forming CO 3 2− , and further reaction with CO 2 will produce HCO 3 − [6]. Thus, the effect of the electrolyte nature and of the pH on the electrocatalytic activity for the ORR was investigated for the FeCo-N-C material.…”

Section: Electrocatalytic Activity Of Feco-n-c For the Orr In Differementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fuel cells offer many advantages related to their high energy conversion efficiency and autonomy. Over the years, researchers have considered formate ions as fuel to power direct liquid alkaline fuel cells [2,3] due to advantages associated with its low toxicity, non-volatility, and easy storage and transportation handling. Besides, formate can be produced via carbon dioxide electrochemical reduction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of Earth-Abundant Oxygen Reduction Electrocatalysts for the Cathode of Passive Air-Breathing Direct Formate Fuel Cells

2018

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Abstract:The development of direct formate fuel cells encounters important obstacles related to the sluggish oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and low tolerance to formate ions in Pt-based cathodes. In this study, electrocatalysts formed by earth-abundant elements were synthesized, and their activity and selectivity for the ORR were tested in alkaline electrolyte. The results showed that carbon-encapsulated iron-cobalt alloy nanoparticles and carbon-supported metal nitrides, characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD), do not present significant activity for the ORR, showing the same half-wave potential of Vulcan carbon. Contrarily, nitrogen-doped carbon, synthesized using imidazole as the nitrogen source, showed an increase in the half-wave potential, evidencing an influential role of nitrogen in the ORR electrocatalysis. The synthesis with the combination of Vulcan, imidazole, and iron or cobalt precursors resulted in the formation of nitrogen-coordinated iron (or cobalt) moieties, inserted in a carbon matrix, as revealed by X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS). Steady-state polarization curves for the ORR evidenced a synergistic effect between Fe and Co when these two metals were included in the synthesis (FeCo-N-C material), showing higher activity and higher limiting current density than the materials prepared only with Fe or Co. The FeCo-N-C material presented not only the highest activity for the ORR (approaching that of the state-of-the-art Pt/C) but also high tolerance to the presence of formate ions in the electrolyte. In addition, measurements with FeCo-N-C in the cathode of an passive air-breathing direct formate fuel cells, (natural diffusion of formate), showed peak power densities of 15.5 and 10.5 mW cm −2 using hydroxide and carbonate-based electrolytes, respectively, and high stability over 120 h of operation.

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Prospective direct formate fuel cell

Cited by 115 publications

References 13 publications

Improving the Energy Efficiency of Direct Formate Fuel Cells with a Pd/C-CeO2 Anode Catalyst and Anion Exchange Ionomer in the Catalyst Layer

Improving the Energy Efficiency of Direct Formate Fuel Cells with a Pd/C-CeO2 Anode Catalyst and Anion Exchange Ionomer in the Catalyst Layer

Use of PtAu/C electrocatalysts toward formate oxidation: electrochemical and fuel cell considerations

Investigation of Earth-Abundant Oxygen Reduction Electrocatalysts for the Cathode of Passive Air-Breathing Direct Formate Fuel Cells

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