Prospective case-cohort study of intestinal colonization with enterococci that produce extracellular superoxide and the risk for colorectal adenomas or cancer

Winters, M

doi:10.1016/s0002-9270(98)00591-7

Cited by 7 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…21 In a prospective study of fecal carriage, we found 64 (40%) of 159 samples tested positive for superoxide-producing enterococci. 25 Although we were unable to find any association between enterococcal colonization and the occurrence of large adenomas or CRC, we were surprised to find that colonization with enterococcal strains was not stable over time in this elderly cohort of subjects. This likely confounded our ability to detect an association.…”

Section: Bystander Effects and Commensal Bacteriamentioning

confidence: 67%

Colorectal cancer: role of commensal bacteria and bystander effects

Wang

Huycke

2015

Gut Microbes

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For years the human microbiota has been implicated in the etiology of colorectal cancer (CRC). However, identifying the molecular mechanisms for how aneuploidy and chromosomal instability (CIN) arise in sporadic and colitis-associated CRC has been difficult. In this Addendum we review recent work from our laboratory that explore mechanisms by which intestinal commensals polarize colon macrophages to an M1 phenotype to generate a bystander effect (BSE) that leads to mutations, spindle malfunction, cell cycle arrest, tetraploidy, and aneuploidy in epithelial cells. BSE represents the application of a phenomenon initially described in the radiation biology field. The result of commensal-driven BSE on colon epithelial cells is aneuploidy, chromosomal instability (CIN), expression of stem cell and tumor stem cell markers and, ultimately, malignant transformation. Our findings provide a conceptual framework for integrating the microbiota with aging, cyclooxygenase (COX)-2, and inflammation as risk factors for CRC.

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Section: Bystander Effects and Commensal Bacteriamentioning

confidence: 67%

Colorectal cancer: role of commensal bacteria and bystander effects

Wang

Huycke

2015

Gut Microbes

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“…The potential oncogenicity of certain E. faecalis strains is further supported by observations that superoxide-producing E. faecalis induce marked distal colitis, DNA damage and cancer in germ-free Il10 −/− mice whereas superoxide-deficient E. faecalis induce inflammation but not tumor formation (Wang et al, 2012). Human data testing these concepts are limited to a prospective case cohort study of consecutive colonoscopy patients in which fecal E. faecalis populations were identified as unstable over >1 year and an association of superoxide-producing E. faecalis with detection of large colon adenomas or cancer was not found (Winters et al, 1998). …”

Section: Individual Microbes As Protagonistsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbes, Microbiota, and Colon Cancer

Sears

Garrett

2014

Cell Host & Microbe

677

499

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Summary Colorectal cancer (CRC) presents a considerable disease burden worldwide. The human colon is also an anatomical location with the largest number of microbes. It is natural therefore to anticipate a role for microbes, particularly bacteria, in colorectal carcinogenesis. The increasing accessibility of microbial meta’omics is fueling a surge in our understanding of the role that microbes and the microbiota play in CRC. In this review, we will discuss recent insights into contributions of the microbiota to CRC and explore conceptual frameworks for evaluating the role of microbes in cancer causation. We also highlight new findings on candidate CRC-potentiating species and current knowledge gaps. Finally, we explore the roles of microbial metabolism as it relates to bile acids, xenobiotics, and diet in the etiology and therapeutics of CRC.

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“…E. faecalis also encodes a metalloprotease, GelE, which contributes to the development of colitis, dysplasia and adenocarcinoma in monocolonized IL-10-deficient mice[87,111]. However, to date, a link between E. faecalis and human CRC has not been identified [112]. …”

Section: Other Animal Models Of Bacterial Influences On Crcmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial Oncogenesis in the Colon

2013

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The human colon plays host to a diverse and metabolically complex community of microorganisms. While the colonic microbiome has been suggested to contribute to the development of colorectal cancer (CRC), a definitive link has not been made. The role in which the colon microflora could contribute to the initiation and/or progression of CRC is explored in this review. Potential mechanisms of bacterial oncogenesis are presented, along with lines of evidence derived from animal models of microbially induced CRC. Particular focus is given to the oncogenic capabilities of enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis. Recent progress in defining the microbiome of CRC in the human population is evaluated, and the future challenges of linking specific etiologic agents to CRC are emphasized.

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Prospective case-cohort study of intestinal colonization with enterococci that produce extracellular superoxide and the risk for colorectal adenomas or cancer

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

Colorectal cancer: role of commensal bacteria and bystander effects

Colorectal cancer: role of commensal bacteria and bystander effects

Microbes, Microbiota, and Colon Cancer

Bacterial Oncogenesis in the Colon

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