Prospective associations between unforgiveness and physical health and positive mediating mechanisms in a nationally representative sample of older adults

Seawell, Asani H.; Toussaint, Loren; Cheadle, Alyssa C. D.

doi:10.1080/08870446.2013.856434

Cited by 27 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 43 publications

(56 reference statements)

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“…With regard to the association between positive orientation and forgiveness, our result corroborate Seawell, Toussaint, and Cheadle's (2014) report stating that positive psychological characteristics (measured collectively) are associated with tendency to forgive. However, results of the studies that include only one trait are inconsistent (Brown & Phillips, 2005;Turnage et al, 2012;Weinberg, 2013;Macaskill, 2012;Sastre et al, 2003) .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…Additionally, Macaskill (2012) found a positive relationship between unforgiveness (with the Mauger Forgiveness Scales) and dissatisfaction with life. Seawell, Toussaint, and Cheadle (2014) found a negative relationship between positive traits (life satisfaction, selfesteem, optimism and personal control) and the tendency not to forgive (with The Mauger Forgiveness Scales).…”

Section: Positive Orientation and Forgivenessmentioning

confidence: 94%

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Cognitive and emotional predictors of episodic and dispositional forgiveness

Mróz¹,

Kaleta²

2017

Polish Psychological Bulletin

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Abstract:The study examined the importance of cognitive (positive orientation, basic hope) (Thompson et al., 2005), TRIM (McCullough et al., 1998), P-Scale (Caprara et al., 2012), BHI-12 (Trzebiński & Zięba, 2003a), SUPIN (Polish version of PANAS;Watson, Clark, & Tellegen, 1988), CECS (Watson & Greer, 1983). Results showed that dispositional forgiveness (general and positive) was associated with cognitive and emotional predictors, whereas episodic forgiveness primarily with certain emotional variables. In addition, the results indicated that emotional predictors merely participate in the process of reducing unforgiveness, whereas cognitive and emotional variables were shown to be necessary for full forgiveness.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Positive Orientation and Forgivenessmentioning

confidence: 94%

Cognitive and emotional predictors of episodic and dispositional forgiveness

Mróz¹,

Kaleta²

2017

Polish Psychological Bulletin

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“…Given prior cross-sectional and two-time-point longitudinal studies showing associations between forgiveness and physical health [19, 21, 23], we did not hypothesize a different pattern of results for mental and physical health in the present five-wave study. One possible reason for this patterning may involve the relatively short inter-assessment time period.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

“…The study by Orth et al [25] is notable for having four assessments over 6 weeks, but this study did not examine whether changes in perceived stress mediate the association between forgiveness and health. Other studies have examined forgiveness and health at only two time points [22, 23], and while these studies revealed important initial information about how these factors are associated, they were not able to provide a rigorous test of the stress and coping model of forgiveness insofar as they did not examine how forgiveness, stress, and health all change over time, how changes in each of these factors relate to subsequent changes in the other factors, or how changes in stress might act as a mechanism that explains the effects of forgiveness on health.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Forgiveness, Stress, and Health: a 5-Week Dynamic Parallel Process Study

2016

Self Cite

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Background Psychological stress is a well-known risk factor for poor health, and recent research has suggested that the emotion-focused coping process of forgiveness may help mitigate these effects. To date, however, no studies have examined how levels of forgiveness, stress, and health fluctuate and interrelate over time. Purpose We addressed this issue by examining how forgiveness, stress, and mental and physical health symptoms change and relate to one another over 5 weeks. We hypothesized that increases in state levels of forgiveness would be associated with decreases in perceptions of stress, which would in turn be related to decreases in mental and physical health symptoms. A reverse effects model was also tested. Methods We recruited a large, community-based sample of 332 young, middle-aged, and older adults (16–79 years old; Mage = 27.9). Each week for 5 weeks, participants reported on their levels of state forgiveness, perceived stress, and mental and physical health symptoms. Results Levels of forgiveness, stress, and mental and physical health symptoms each showed significant change and individual variability in change over time. As hypothesized, increases in forgiveness were associated with decreases in stress, which were in turn related to decreases in mental (but not physical) health symptoms (i.e., forgiveness→ stress→ health). The reverse effects model (i.e., health → stress → forgiveness) provided a relatively poorer fit. Conclusions This study is the first to provide prospective, longitudinal evidence showing that greater forgiveness is associated with less stress and, in turn, better mental health. Strategies for cultivating forgiveness may thus have beneficial effects on stress and health.

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“…These results provide preliminary evidences supporting that forgiveness might lead to enhanced health through more adaptive coping strategies. Accordingly, an intervention programme in the elderly population aimed at increased use of these adaptive coping strategies might be particularly useful because with age comes the potential to feel the unmitigated effects of accumulating stress from years of interpersonal offence (Seawell et al, 2014). If these findings can be replicated, then it might be worthwhile designing psychosocial or clinical intervention targeting health-related quality of life that encourages older adults to modify patterns of cognitive coping, using adaptive (e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Forgiveness and health-related quality of life in older people: Adaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies as mediators

Rey

Extremera

2016

J Health Psychol

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This study examined whether adaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies mediate the relationship between forgiveness and health-related quality of life in a sample of 350 Spanish people aged 55 years and older. Positive refocusing and positive reappraisal strategies partially mediated the relation between forgiveness and mental health. Thus, focusing on planning partially mediated the relation between forgiveness and physical health. Our findings contribute to an emerging understanding of the underlying coping process between forgiveness and health outcomes and might provide preliminary insight for potential intervention for increasing quality of life via the promotion of forgiveness and adaptive coping in the elderly.

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Prospective associations between unforgiveness and physical health and positive mediating mechanisms in a nationally representative sample of older adults

Cited by 27 publications

References 43 publications

Cognitive and emotional predictors of episodic and dispositional forgiveness

Cognitive and emotional predictors of episodic and dispositional forgiveness

Forgiveness, Stress, and Health: a 5-Week Dynamic Parallel Process Study

Forgiveness and health-related quality of life in older people: Adaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies as mediators

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