Prosopagnosia

Kay, Marilyn; Levin, Harvey S.

doi:10.1016/0002-9394(82)90194-5

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…This subsystem appears to be localized in posterior temporal and inferior occipitotemporal regions, particularly in the right hemisphere (e.g Kay & Levin, 1982;Overman & Doty, 1982). Such an interpretation is consistent with some cognitive models of face recognition (e.g., Bruce & Young, 1986).…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Electrophysiological Studies of Face Perception in Humans

Bentin

Allison²,

Puce

et al. 1996

Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience

2,736

287

2,305

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Event-related potentials (ERPs) associated with face perception were recorded with scalp electrodes from normal volunteers. Subjects performed a visual target detection task in which they mentally counted the number of occurrences of pictorial stimuli from a designated category such us butterflies. In separate experiments, target stimuli were embedded within a series of other stimuli including unfamiliar human faces and isolated face components, inverted faces, distorted faces, animal faces, and other nonface stimuli. Unman faces evoked a negative potential at 172 msec (N170), which was absent from the ERPs elicited by other animate and inanimate nonface stimuli. N170 was largest over the posterior temporal scalp and was larger over the right than the left hemisphere. N170 was delayed when faces were presented upside-down, but its amplitude did not change. When presented in isolation, eyes elicited an N170 that was significantly larger than that elicited by whole faces, while noses and lips elicited small negative ERPs about 50 msec later than N170. Distorted human faces, in which the locations of inner face components were altered, elicited an N170 similar in amplitude to that elicited by normal faces. However, faces of animals, human hands, cars, and items of furniture did not evoke N170. N170 may reflect the operation of a neural mechanism tuned to detect (as opposed to identify) human faces, similar to the "structural encoder" suggested by Bruce and Young (1986). A similar function has been proposed for the face-selective N200 ERP recorded from the middle fusiform and posterior inferior temporal gyri using subdural electrodes in humans (Allison, McCarthy, Nobre, Puce, & Belger, 1994c). However, the differential sensitivity of N170 to eyes in isolation suggests that N170 may reflect the activation of an eye-sensitive region of cortex. The voltage distribution of N170 over the scalp is consistent with a neural generator located in the occipitotemporal sulcus lateral to the fusiform/inferior temporal region that generates N200.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Electrophysiological Studies of Face Perception in Humans

Bentin

Allison²,

Puce

et al. 1996

Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience

2,736

287

2,305

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Interestingly, alexia was the only complaint, along with writing deficits, reported by patient 1 for at least 7 years. The involvement of both left and right ventral cerebral regions has been suggested as a possible substrate of prosopagnosia (Barton et al, 2010; Benson et al, 1974; Kay and Levin, 1982; Kleinschmidt and Cohen, 2006; Sorger et al, 2007; Takahashi et al, 1995; Thomas et al, 2009). In this framework, the damage to the ILF (Fox et al, 2008; Ishai, 2008) can disconnect face-processing areas located in the inferior occipital and fusiform gyri from more anterior regions in the temporal and frontal lobes (Alexander et al, 2007; Giussani et al, 2009; Rapcsak et al, 2001; Simon et al, 2011), which in turn may result in deficits in the ability to recognize known faces.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ventral and dorsal visual streams in posterior cortical atrophy: A DT MRI study

Migliaccio

Agosta

Scola

et al. 2012

Neurobiology of Aging

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Using diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging tractography, ventral (inferior longitudinal fasciculus) and fronto-occipital (inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus) and dorsal (fronto-parietal superior longitudinal fasciculus) visual pathways were assessed in 7 patients with posterior cortical atrophy (PCA), showing either predominantly ventral or additional dorsal cognitive deficits. Corpus callosum and corticospinal tracts were also studied. Gray and white matter atrophy was assessed using voxel-based morphometry. In all PCA patients, abnormal diffusivity indexes were found in bilateral inferior longitudinal fasciculus and inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus, with a left-side predominance. Patients also had mild microstructural damage to the corpus callosum. The 2 patients with more dorsal symptoms also showed right fronto-parietal superior longitudinal fasciculus abnormalities. Corticospinal tracts were normal, bilaterally. When studied separately, patients with ventral clinical impairment showed a pattern of atrophy mainly located in the ventral occipitotemporal regions, bilaterally; patients with both ventral and dorsal clinical deficits showed additional atrophy of the bilateral inferior parietal lobe. Magnetic resonance imaging patterns of abnormalities mirror closely the clinical phenotypes and could provide reliable ante mortem markers of tissue damage in PCA.

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“…In 90% of the cases, visual field deficits are present (Hecaen & Angelergues, 1962; Meadows, 1974). In a variable percentage of cases, color agnosia or achromatopsia (Green & Lessell, 1977; Kay & Levin, 1982), object agnosia (Levine, 1978), zooagnosia (Assal, Favre, & Anderes, 1984; Bornstein, Sroka, & Munitz, 1969), topographic memory deficits, constructional apraxia, spatial agnosia, somatosensory deficits, oculomotor defects, body-scheme impairments, dressing apraxia, and metamorphopsias (Hecaen & Angelergues, 1962; Damasio & Damasio, 1983, 1986) may also be present. It also has been reported that asymbolia (Romero-Lopez, Gonzalez-Elipe, Rallo-Gutierrez, & Garcia, 1982), visual imagery defects (Levine, 1978; Levine, Warach, & Farah, 1985), alexia without agraphia (Benson, Segarra, & Albert, 1974), palinopsia (Sergent & Villemure, 1989), and visual hypoemotionality (Bauer, 1982; Habib, 1986) can accompany prosopagnosia.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Prosopamnesia and visuolimbic disconnection syndrome: A case study.

Lopera

Ardila²

1992

Neuropsychology

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After a head injury, a 58-year-old patient presented a severe deficit in face recognition. Bilateral temporo-occipital hematomas were drained. Associated with this deficit in face recognition, the patient presented visual hypoemotionality (hyporeactivity to visual stimuli) and transient gustatory amnesia. Some topographic amnesia and mild anomia were also present. Five years later, difficulties in face recognition and visual hypoemotionality remained unchanged. It was observed that the major impairment was related to a lack of memory for faces. Defects in visual imagery were also present. Some distinctions between agnosia for faces (prosopagnosia) and amnesia for faces (prosopamnesia) are introduced. The brain mechanisms of prosopagnosia,prosopamnesia, and visual hypoemotionality are considered.

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Prosopagnosia

Cited by 9 publications

References 17 publications

Electrophysiological Studies of Face Perception in Humans

Electrophysiological Studies of Face Perception in Humans

Ventral and dorsal visual streams in posterior cortical atrophy: A DT MRI study

Prosopamnesia and visuolimbic disconnection syndrome: A case study.

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