Prosomeric map of the lamprey forebrain based on calretinin immunocytochemistry, nissl stain, and ancillary markers

Pombal, Manuel A.; Puelles, Luis

doi:10.1002/(sici)1096-9861(19991122)414:3<391::aid-cne8>3.0.co;2-o

Cited by 151 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 95 publications

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“…Of note, a prosomeric organisation of the lamprey diencephalon has been recognised (Pombal and Puelles 1999), strengthening the unity of Craniates in this respect, as the Urochordates and Cephalochordates (ascidians and amphioxus) do not show any pseudo-segmental organisation of their anterior nervous system. The developmental origin and evolutionary emergence of such an organisation is discussed in the next section.…”

Section: The Lamprey Brain: Adult Featuresmentioning

confidence: 84%

The lamprey in evolutionary studies

2008

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Lampreys are a key species to study the evolution of morphological characters at the dawn of Craniates and throughout the evolution of the craniate's phylum. Here, we review a number of research fields where studies on lampreys have recently brought significant and fundamental insights on the timing and mechanisms of evolution, on the amazing diversification of morphology and on the emergence of novelties among Craniates. We report recent example studies on neural crest, muscle and the acquisition of jaws, where important technical advancements in lamprey developmental biology have been made (morpholino injections, protein-soaked bead applications or even the first transgenesis trials). We describe progress in the understanding and knowledge about lamprey anatomy and physiology (skeleton, immune system and buccal secretion), ecology (life cycle, embryology), phylogeny (genome duplications, monophyly of cyclostomes), paleontology, embryonic development and the beginnings of lamprey genomics. Finally, in a special focus on the nervous system, we describe how changes in signaling, neurogenesis or neuronal migration patterns during brain development may be at the origin of some important differences observed between lamprey and gnathostome brains.

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Section: The Lamprey Brain: Adult Featuresmentioning

confidence: 84%

The lamprey in evolutionary studies

2008

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“…These DA neurons are mostly located in the SNc with a few in the RRF, two structures that are classically considered as mesencephalic but that also span in the diencephalon (16,19,20). In lampreys, the terminology "mesodiencephalic DA neurons" does not apply, given that the DA neurons are all located in the diencephalon (40). The neurons from this DA population that project to the MLR and to the striatum are highly intermingled in lampreys, with very rare neurons projecting to both structures.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A descending dopamine pathway conserved from basal vertebrates to mammals

Ryczko

Cone

Alpert

et al. 2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

104

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Dopamine neurons are classically known to modulate locomotion indirectly through ascending projections to the basal ganglia that project down to brainstem locomotor networks. Their loss in Parkinson's disease is devastating. In lampreys, we recently showed that brainstem networks also receive direct descending dopaminergic inputs that potentiate locomotor output. Here, we provide evidence that this descending dopaminergic pathway is conserved to higher vertebrates, including mammals. In salamanders, dopamine neurons projecting to the striatum or brainstem locomotor networks were partly intermingled. Stimulation of the dopaminergic region evoked dopamine release in brainstem locomotor networks and concurrent reticulospinal activity. In rats, some dopamine neurons projecting to the striatum also innervated the pedunculopontine nucleus, a known locomotor center, and stimulation of the dopaminergic region evoked pedunculopontine dopamine release in vivo. Finally, we found dopaminergic fibers in the human pedunculopontine nucleus. The conservation of a descending dopaminergic pathway across vertebrates warrants re-evaluating dopamine's role in locomotion.D opaminergic neurons represent a vital neuromodulatory component essential for vertebrate motor control, and their loss in neurodegenerative disease is devastating. The meso-diencephalic dopamine (DA) neurons are known to provide ascending projections to the basal ganglia, which, in turn, provide input to cortical structure in mammals but also project caudally to the mesencephalic locomotor region (MLR), a highly conserved structure that controls locomotion in all vertebrates investigated to date (1-7; for review, see ref. 8). A growing body of evidence supports the view that basal ganglia connectivity is highly conserved among vertebrates, from lampreys to mammals (9-11; for review, see ref. 12), with some interspecies differences recently highlighted (13). As such, the homology between DA cell populations remains to be resolved in vertebrates. As a general rule, DA neurons from the meso-diencephalon send projections to the striatum in all vertebrates. In lampreys and teleosts, those neurons are located only in the diencephalon (posterior tuberculum), but in tetrapods and cartilaginous fishes (14) they are located in both the diencephalon and the mesencephalon. An increasing number of authors seem to agree with the hypothesis that at least some of the mesodiencephalic DA neurons located in the diencephalon are homologous in all vertebrates, and thus, homologous to at least a portion of the mammalian substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc)/ ventral tegmental area (VTA) (13, 15-19; for review, see ref. 20). Alternatively, it was suggested that the posterior tuberculum DA neurons projecting to the striatum in zebrafish are homologs of the mammalian DA neurons of the A11 group (21). This will be discussed below in light of the results of the present study.In lampreys, only a few meso-diencephalic DA neurons send ascending projections to the striatum (9, 22); the majority ...

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“…In fact, it can be debated whether lampreys (agnathans) have a dorsal pallium area at all. Pombal & Puelles (1999) argued that at least the area usually postulated to represent dorsal pallium in lampreys is not convincing from a topological point of view, since it seems to fall within the subpallium. Practically all the evaginated pallium of lampreys receives olfactory projections, and the standard candidate for medial pallium remains non-evaginated (¢gure 2) (see Nieuwenhuys & Nicholson 1998).…”

Section: The Dorsal Pallium (Or Prospective Isocortex) Is An Island Imentioning

confidence: 99%

Thoughts on the development, structure and evolution of the mammalian and avian telencephalic pallium

Puelles

2001

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B

175

207

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Various lines of evidence suggest that the development and evolution of the mammalian isocortex cannot be easily explained without an understanding of correlative changes in surrounding areas of the telencephalic pallium and subpallium. These are close neighbours in a common morphogenetic ¢eld and are postulated as sources of some cortical neuron types (and even of whole cortical areas). There is equal need to explain relevant developmental evolutionary changes in the dorsal thalamus, the major source of a¡erent inputs to the telencephalon (to both the pallium and subpallium). The mammalian isocortex evolved within an initially small dorsal part of the pallium of vertebrates, surrounded by other pallial parts, including some with a non-cortical, nuclear structure. Nuclear pallial elements are markedly voluminous in reptiles and birds, where they build the dorsal ventricular ridge, or hypopallium, which has been recently divided molecularly and structurally into a lateral pallium and a ventral pallium. A¡erent pallial connections are often simpli¢ed as consisting of thalamic ¢bres that project either to focal cell aggregates in the ventral pallium (predominant in reptiles and birds) or to corticoid areas in the dorsal pallium (predominant in mammals). Karten's hypothesis, put forward in 1969, on the formation of some isocortical areas postulates an embryonic translocation into the nascent isocortex of the ventropallial thalamorecipient foci and respective downstream ventropallial target populations, as speci¢c layer IV, layers II^III, or layers V^VI neuron populations. This view is considered critically in the light of various recent data, contrasting with the alternative possibility of a parallel, separate evolution of the di¡erent pallial parts. The new scenario reveals as well a separately evolving tiered structure of the dorsal thalamus, some of whose parts receive input from midbrain sensory centres (collothalamic nuclei), whereas other parts receive oligosynaptic`lemniscal' connections bypassing the midbrain (lemnothalamic nuclei). An ampler look into known hodological patterns from this viewpoint suggests that ancient collothalamic pathways, which target ventropallial foci, are largely conserved in mammals, while some emergent cortical connections can be established by means of new collaterals in some of these pathways. The lemnothalamic pathways, which typically target ancestrally the dorsopallial isocortex, show parallel increments of relative size and structural diversi¢cation of both the thalamic cell populations and the cortical recipient areas. The evolving lemnothalamic pathways may interact developmentally with collothalamic corticopetal collaterals in the modality-speci¢c invasion of the emergent new areas of isocortex.

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Prosomeric map of the lamprey forebrain based on calretinin immunocytochemistry, nissl stain, and ancillary markers

Cited by 151 publications

References 95 publications

The lamprey in evolutionary studies

The lamprey in evolutionary studies

A descending dopamine pathway conserved from basal vertebrates to mammals

Thoughts on the development, structure and evolution of the mammalian and avian telencephalic pallium

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