Prosomeric classification of retinorecipient centers: a new causal scenario

Puelles, Luis

doi:10.1007/s00429-022-02461-6

Cited by 13 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 92 publications

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“…Several opportunistic TH-positive mfb fibers, either from the ns/mc tracts or from intrinsic hypothalamic TH neurons, send collaterals or swerve into the initial smed approximately at the preopto-hypothalamic boundary, thus causing the smed to appear TH-positive in our material (smed; black arrowheads; Figures 4A,B, 8). The TH-negative optic tract (ot) can be identified from suprachiasmatic levels (the acroterminal SPa alar region) running successively through the THy and PHy alar plate, to follow also longitudinally through the prethalamic, thalamic, pretectal, and mesencephalic alar plate to find its multiple targets (Figures 1B,D, 4, 5D, 6A, 7A,B, 11A; Supplementary Figures 8I-K; Puelles et al, 2012a;Puelles, 2022). The TH-negative mamillotegmental tract (mtg) is a longitudinal tract arising from the rostrobasal mamillary region (THy); it runs caudalwards across the retromamillary, diencephalic, midbrain, and isthmic tegmentum, and then ends primarily at the dorsal and ventral tegmental nuclei of rhombomere 1 (Figures 1B,D, 3A, 13, 14; Puelles et al, 2012a).…”

Section: Tyrosine Hydroxylase-positive Fiber Tractsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prosomeric Hypothalamic Distribution of Tyrosine Hydroxylase Positive Cells in Adolescent Rats

et al. 2022

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Most of the studies on neurochemical mapping, connectivity, and physiology in the hypothalamic region were carried out in rats and under the columnar morphologic paradigm. According to the columnar model, the entire hypothalamic region lies ventrally within the diencephalon, which includes preoptic, anterior, tuberal, and mamillary anteroposterior regions, and sometimes identifying dorsal, intermediate, and ventral hypothalamic partitions. This model is weak in providing little or no experimentally corroborated causal explanation of such subdivisions. In contrast, the modern prosomeric model uses different axial assumptions based on the parallel courses of the brain floor, alar-basal boundary, and brain roof (all causally explained). This model also postulates that the hypothalamus and telencephalon jointly form the secondary prosencephalon, separately from and rostral to the diencephalon proper. The hypothalamus is divided into two neuromeric (transverse) parts called peduncular and terminal hypothalamus (PHy and THy). The classic anteroposterior (AP) divisions of the columnar hypothalamus are rather seen as dorsoventral subdivisions of the hypothalamic alar and basal plates. In this study, we offered a prosomeric immunohistochemical mapping in the rat of hypothalamic cells expressing tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), which is the enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of L-tyrosine to levodopa (L-DOPA) and a precursor of dopamine. This mapping was also combined with markers for diverse hypothalamic nuclei [agouti-related peptide (Agrp), arginine vasopressin (Avp), cocaine and amphetamine-regulated transcript (Cart), corticotropin releasing Hormone (Crh), melanin concentrating hormone (Mch), neuropeptide Y (Npy), oxytocin/neurophysin I (Oxt), proopiomelanocortin (Pomc), somatostatin (Sst), tyrosine hidroxilase (Th), and thyrotropin releasing hormone (Trh)]. TH-positive cells are particularly abundant within the periventricular stratum of the paraventricular and subparaventricular alar domains. In the tuberal region, most labeled cells are found in the acroterminal arcuate nucleus and in the terminal periventricular stratum. The dorsal retrotuberal region (PHy) contains the A13 cell group of TH-positive cells. In addition, some TH cells appear in the perimamillary and retromamillary regions. The prosomeric model proved useful for determining the precise location of TH-positive cells relative to possible origins of morphogenetic signals, thus aiding potential causal explanation of position-related specification of this hypothalamic cell type.

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Section: Tyrosine Hydroxylase-positive Fiber Tractsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prosomeric Hypothalamic Distribution of Tyrosine Hydroxylase Positive Cells in Adolescent Rats

et al. 2022

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“…The prosomeric hypothalamus consists of two prosomeres, hp2 and hp1, which represent its structure transversal to the axis of the forebrain (Fig. 1 ; the prosomeric axis is co-defined by the notochord, the floorplate, the alar-basal boundary and the roofplate as mutually parallel longitudinal reference landmarks lying at different dorsoventral levels; Puelles 2018 ; Amat et al 2022 ; the optic tract may be taken as another such reference; Puelles 2022 ). These two units are both hypothalamo-telencephalic in spatial range and contain respectively the terminal hypothalamus which extends into the non-evaginated preoptic telencephalic subpallium (THy in hp2; Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Populational heterogeneity and partial migratory origin of the ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus: genoarchitectonic analysis in the mouse

López-González

Martı́nez-de-la-Torre

Puelles

2023

Brain Struct Funct

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The ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus (VMH) is one of the most distinctive hypothalamic tuberal structures, subject of numerous classic and modern functional studies. Commonly, the adult VMH has been divided in several portions, attending to differences in cell aggregation, cell type, connectivity, and function. Consensus VMH partitions in the literature comprise the dorsomedial (VMHdm), and ventrolateral (VMHvl) subnuclei, which are separated by an intermediate or central (VMHc) population (topographic names based on the columnar axis). However, some recent transcriptome analyses have identified a higher number of different cell types in the VMH, suggesting additional subdivisions, as well as the possibility of separate origins. We offer a topologic and genoarchitectonic developmental study of the mouse VMH complex using the prosomeric axis as a reference. We analyzed genes labeling specific VMH subpopulations, with particular focus upon the Nkx2.2 transcription factor, a marker of the alar-basal boundary territory of the prosencephalon, from where some cells seem to migrate dorsoventrally into VMH. We also identified separate neuroepithelial origins of a Nr2f1-positive subpopulation, and a new Six3-positive component, as well as subtle differences in origin of Nr5a1 positive versus Nkx2.2-positive cell populations entering dorsoventrally the VMH. Several of these migrating cell types are born in the dorsal tuberal domain and translocate ventralwards to reach the intermediate tuberal domain, where the adult VMH mass is located in the adult. This work provides a more detailed area map on the intrinsic organization of the postmigratory VMH complex, helpful for deeper functional studies of this basal hypothalamic entity.

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“…2B – J ). The subpial optic tract crosses orthogonally the subparaventricular alar domain of PHy, close to the alar-basal boundary [ 72 ], so that its topologically ventral rim serves as an approximate landmark of the alar-basal transition, relevantly for the topologic analysis of LH components.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dorsoventral Arrangement of Lateral Hypothalamus Populations in the Mouse Hypothalamus: a Prosomeric Genoarchitectonic Analysis

et al. 2022

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The lateral hypothalamus (LH) has a heterogeneous cytoarchitectonic organization that has not been elucidated in detail. In this work, we analyzed within the framework of the prosomeric model the differential expression pattern of 59 molecular markers along the ventrodorsal dimension of the medial forebrain bundle in the mouse, considering basal and alar plate subregions of the LH. We found five basal (LH1–LH5) and four alar (LH6–LH9) molecularly distinct sectors of the LH with neuronal cell groups that correlate in topography with previously postulated alar and basal hypothalamic progenitor domains. Most peptidergic populations were restricted to one of these LH sectors though some may have dispersed into a neighboring sector. For instance, histaminergic Hdc-positive neurons were mostly contained within the basal LH3, Nts (neurotensin)- and Tac2 (tachykinin 2)-expressing cells lie strictly within LH4, Hcrt (hypocretin/orexin)-positive and Pmch (pro-melanin-concentrating hormone)-positive neurons appeared within separate LH5 subdivisions, Pnoc (prepronociceptin)-expressing cells were mainly restricted to LH6, and Sst (somatostatin)-positive cells were identified within the LH7 sector. The alar LH9 sector, a component of the Foxg1-positive telencephalo-opto-hypothalamic border region, selectively contained Satb2-expressing cells. Published studies of rodent LH subdivisions have not described the observed pattern. Our genoarchitectonic map should aid in systematic approaches to elucidate LH connectivity and function.

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Prosomeric classification of retinorecipient centers: a new causal scenario

Cited by 13 publications

References 92 publications

Prosomeric Hypothalamic Distribution of Tyrosine Hydroxylase Positive Cells in Adolescent Rats

Prosomeric Hypothalamic Distribution of Tyrosine Hydroxylase Positive Cells in Adolescent Rats

Populational heterogeneity and partial migratory origin of the ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus: genoarchitectonic analysis in the mouse

Dorsoventral Arrangement of Lateral Hypothalamus Populations in the Mouse Hypothalamus: a Prosomeric Genoarchitectonic Analysis

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