Pros and cons of fatty acids in bone biology

Wauquier, Fabien; Léotoing, Laurent; Philippe, Claire; Spilmont, Mélanie; Coxam, Véronique; Wittrant, Yohann

doi:10.1016/j.plipres.2015.03.001

Cited by 35 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 441 publications

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“…Consistent with the past investigation [3], our recent study also showed that endogenously produced n-3 PUFAs attenuated the bone loss of ovariectomized mice through bone marrow adipogenesis inhibition [9]. In addition, serum levels of n-3 PUFAs were positively correlated with the bone mineralization in both mice and human, and the fracture risk was increased by intake of saturated FAs while reduced by intake of n-3 PUFAs [3, 6, 10–12]. …”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Endogenous Production of n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Promotes Fracture Healing in Mice

Chen

Cao

Sun

et al. 2017

Journal of Healthcare Engineering

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Bone fracture is a global healthcare issue for high rates of delayed healing and nonunions. Although n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) is considered as a beneficial factor for bone metabolism, only few studies till date focused on the effects of n-3 PUFAs on fracture healing. In this study, we investigated the effect of endogenous n-3 PUFAs on fracture healing by measuring femur fracture repair in both fat-1 transgenic mice and WT mice. Proximal femoral fracture model was established in fat-1 transgenic mice and WT mice, respectively, and then the fracture was analyzed by using X-ray, micro-computed tomography (micro-CT), and histological assessment at 7, 14, 21, 28, and 35 days after fixation. The results showed that compared with WT mice, fat-1 mice exhibited acceleration in fracture healing through radiographic and histological analysis (18–21 days versus 21–28 days postfracture). Meanwhile, X-ray and micro-CT analysis that showed better remodeling callus formation were in the fat-1 group compared to WT group. Furthermore, histological analysis revealed that endogenous n-3 PUFAs promoted local endochondral ossification and accelerated the remodeling of calcified calluses after fracture. In conclusion, the present study indicated that endogenously produced n-3 PUFAs promote fracture healing process and accelerate bone remodeling in mice, and supplementation of n-3 PUFAs was positively associated with fracture healing.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Endogenous Production of n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Promotes Fracture Healing in Mice

Chen

Cao

Sun

et al. 2017

Journal of Healthcare Engineering

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“…One explanation for this finding could be seen in Wauquier et al [33], in which a 10-month experiment in mice showed a positive effect of rich ALA diet correlated with lower inflammatory markers expression in bone tissue. DaCosta et al [38] also observed improvement of all bone parameters after offering flaxseed in young male rats, corroborating our data.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Most bone-related diseases are characterized by excessive bone loss due to increased bone reabsorption and reduced bone formation [31], and several studies have documented that the intake of PUFAs may influence bone health [20,21,29,32]. Fat quality is also a crucial determinant for bone tissue behavior, and, far from being only energy substrates, studies demonstrate that the influence of fatty acids on bone metabolism relies on their origin, structure, and concentration, and, with regard to PUFA, their actions on bone remodeling are well documented both clinically and in animal studies [33]. Adipocytes and osteoblasts are derived from mesenchymal stem cells, and the study of the adipocyte/osteoblast relationship represents a new perspective in the treatment of bone diseases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incorporation of Flaxseed Flour as a Dietary Source for ALA Increases Bone Density and Strength in Post‐Partum Female Rats

Ribeiro

Pereira

Santana

et al. 2017

Lipids

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In women, bone mass undergoes changes during pregnancy and the postpartum period, which has a risk for subsequent development of osteoporosis. Thus, the present study aims to evaluate the effects of flaxseed flour in femur quality during post-weaning of dam rats. After weaning, the rats were divided into control (C, n = 7) and experimental (F, n = 7) groups treated with a diet containing 25 g of flaxseed flour in the lactating period and 15 g in the maintenance period. After 51 days post-partum, serum hormone, fatty acids composition, bone compartments, computed tomography, and biomechanical analyses were determined. Food intake, length, body mass, hormone analysis, and total bone compartments showed similar results. For biomechanical and computed tomography analysis and fatty acids composition, the F group showed higher maximum force (+12%, p < 0.05), breaking strength (+25%, p < 0.05), rigidity (+17%, p < 0.0001), and femoral head radiodensity (+15%, p < 0.05) and presented lower total polyunsaturated fatty acids (-17%, p < 0.0001) and arachidonic acid (-44%, p < 0.0001) and higher ALA (+695%, p < 0.0001) and EPA (+160%, p < 0.05). Fatty acids composition of flaxseed flour, as well as its protein profile and calcium content, were able to improve the bone quality, which may be associated with lower serum levels of arachidonic acid and higher EPA, showing an anti-inflammatory profile and increased deposition of organic matrix during the post-weaning period, and may result in prevention of future osteoporosis.

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“…Fatty acids and their metabolites could modulate bone metabolism via mechanisms such as inflammation, 104 apoptosis, 105 autophagy 106 and oxidative stress. 104 Normally, fatty acids bind to specific cellu- MCFAs (C9-C14). [115][116][117] GPR120, which is expressed on osteoblasts and osteoclasts and could be stimulated by long-chain saturated (C14-C18) and long-chain unsaturated fatty acids (C16-C22), [109][110][111] has been shown to mediate the anti-inflammatory effects of DHA in macrophages.…”

Section: S Ig Nalling Pathy Ways Involved In Fat T Y Acids-modul Atmentioning

confidence: 99%

Therapeutic potentials and modulatory mechanisms of fatty acids in bone

et al. 2019

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Bone metabolism is a lifelong process that includes bone formation and resorption. Osteoblasts and osteoclasts are the predominant cell types associated with bone metabolism, which is facilitated by other cells such as bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs), osteocytes and chondrocytes. As an important component in our daily diet, fatty acids are mainly categorized as long‐chain fatty acids including polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFAs), monounsaturated fatty acids (LCMUFAs), saturated fatty acids (LCSFAs), medium‐/short‐chain fatty acids (MCFAs/SCFAs) as well as their metabolites. Fatty acids are closely associated with bone metabolism and associated bone disorders. In this review, we summarized the important roles and potential therapeutic implications of fatty acids in multiple bone disorders, reviewed the diverse range of critical effects displayed by fatty acids on bone metabolism, and elucidated their modulatory roles and mechanisms on specific bone cell types. The evidence supporting close implications of fatty acids in bone metabolism and disorders suggests fatty acids as potential therapeutic and nutritional agents for the treatment and prevention of metabolic bone diseases.

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Pros and cons of fatty acids in bone biology

Cited by 35 publications

References 441 publications

Endogenous Production of n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Promotes Fracture Healing in Mice

Endogenous Production of n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Promotes Fracture Healing in Mice

Incorporation of Flaxseed Flour as a Dietary Source for ALA Increases Bone Density and Strength in Post‐Partum Female Rats

Therapeutic potentials and modulatory mechanisms of fatty acids in bone

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