Propriétés des structures produites par les ingénieurs écologiques à la surface du sol d’une savane colombienne

Decaëns, Thibaud; Galvis, Jesús H; Amézquita, Edgar

doi:10.1016/s0764-4469(01)01313-0

Cited by 46 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The C in these structures can be stabilised through organomineral associations, depending on ingested OM composition (Vidal et al 2016). The type, shape and characteristics of these biogenic structures vary depending on species, land-use patterns and seasons (Decaëns et al 2001;Hedde et al 2005;Mora et al 2005). The C distribution in these structures, e.g.…”

Section: Impact Of Living Organisms On Soil C Sequestration-the Macromentioning

confidence: 99%

Increasing soil carbon storage: mechanisms, effects of agricultural practices and proxies. A review

Dignac

Derrien

Barré

et al. 2017

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

361

170

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The international 4 per 1000 initiative aims at supporting states and non-governmental stakeholders in their efforts towards a better management of soil carbon (C) stocks. These stocks depend on soil C inputs and outputs. They are the result of fine spatial scale interconnected mechanisms, which stabilise/destabilise organic matter-borne C. Since 2016, the CarboSMS consortium federates French researchers working on these mechanisms and their effects on C stocks in a local and global change setting (land use, agricultural practices, climatic and soil conditions, etc.). This article is a synthesis of this consortium's first seminar. In the first part, we present recent advances in the understanding of soil C stabilisation mechanisms comprising biotic and abiotic processes, which occur concomitantly and interact. Soil organic C stocks are altered by biotic activities of plants (the main source of C through litter and root systems), microorganisms (fungi and bacteria) and 'ecosystem engineers' (earthworms, termites, ants). In the meantime, abiotic processes related to the soil-physical structure, porosity and mineral fraction also modify these stocks. In the second part, we show how agricultural practices affect soil C stocks. By acting on both biotic and abiotic mechanisms, land use and management practices This synthesis of the CarboSMS French consortium's first seminar was already published in French: Derrien D, Dignac M-F, Basile-Doelsch I, Barot S, Cécillon L, Chenu C, Chevallier T, Freschet GT, Garnier P, Guenet B, Hedde M, Klumpp K, Lashermes G, Maron P-A, Nunan N, Roumet C, Barré P (2016) (choice of plant species and density, plant residue exports, amendments, fertilisation, tillage, etc.) drive soil spatiotemporal organic inputs and organic matter sensitivity to mineralisation. Interaction between the different mechanisms and their effects on C stocks are revealed by meta-analyses and long-term field studies. The third part addresses upscaling issues. This is a cause for major concern since soil organic C stabilisation mechanisms are most often studied at fine spatial scales (mm-μm) under controlled conditions, while agricultural practices are implemented at the plot scale. We discuss some proxies and models describing specific mechanisms and their action in different soil and climatic contexts and show how they should be taken into account in large scale models, to improve change predictions in soil C stocks. Finally, this literature review highlights some future research prospects geared towards preserving or even increasing C stocks, our focus being put on the mechanisms, the effects of agricultural practices on them and C stock prediction models.

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Section: Impact Of Living Organisms On Soil C Sequestration-the Macromentioning

confidence: 99%

Increasing soil carbon storage: mechanisms, effects of agricultural practices and proxies. A review

Dignac

Derrien

Barré

et al. 2017

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

361

170

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“…Diversos estudos tem sido realizados para avaliar a contribuição da macrofauna edáfica na dinâmica dessas estruturas (DECAËNS; GALVIS; AMÉZQUITA, 2001;MARINISSEN, 2001;JONGMANS et al, 2003;MARINISSEN, 2004;PULLEMAN et al, 2005;VELASQUEZ et al, 2007) e segundo Ingham (2000) a composição dos organismos do solo é influenciada pela sazonalidade e dependente da fonte de alimentação, portanto podem apresentar composições diferentes em ambientes distintos como florestas, cultivos e pastagens podendo beneficiar ou afetar a cadeia.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Caracterização dos agregados em solos sob cultivo no cerrado, MS

et al. 2013

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ResumoImpactos sobre o ambiente do solo e a atividade biológica resultam em alterações nos processos de formação de agregados biogênicos e fisiogênicos. Com o objetivo de avaliar a influência física e biológica na gênese de agregados dos solos do Cerrado, bem como determinar quais os principais fatores do ambiente que determinam as características dos agregados em área de produção sob sistema de integração lavoura-pecuária (ILP), foi desenvolvido esse trabalho na Fazenda Cabeceira, Maracaju-MS, em áreas de ILP. As áreas avaliadas foram: Cerradão, pasto/milho, milho/algodão e algodão/soja, sendo realizadas avaliações nas épocas seca (maio/2009) e chuvosa (março/2010). Para identificação das vias de agregação foram utilizados padrões morfológicos, sendo estabelecidos três tipos de agregados: fisiogênicos, biogênicos e intermediários. Os agregados foram analisados quanto ao complexo sortivo, carbono e estabilidade, o solo foi analisado quanto o complexo sortivo, fracionamento granulométrico da matéria orgânica do solo, frações oxidáveis do carbono orgânico total, análise granulométrica e macrofauna edáfica. Em todas as áreas estudadas, na época seca, foram quantificados os maiores valores de agregados intermediários, enquanto na época chuvosa, de maneira geral, não foram observadas diferenças dos agregados formados pelas diferentes vias nas áreas, exceto algodão/soja. Os agregados biogênicos apresentaram correlação positiva com teores de carbono e foram encontrados em menor quantidade em comparação aos fisiogênicos e intermediários. Os diferentes tipos de agregados formados, além de apresentarem características morfológicas diferentes, também apresentam diferenças quanto às características químicas. Palavras-chave: Agregação do solo, matéria orgânica do solo, manejo do solo AbstractImpacts on the environment and soil biological activity result in changes in the processes of formation of biogenic and fisiogenic aggregates. Aiming to evaluate the influence on physical and biological genesis of aggregates of Cerrado soils and determine the main environmental factors that determine the characteristics of households in the area of production under integrated crop-livestock (ICL), was developed this study in Farm Cabeceira, Maracaju-MS, in areas of ICL. The areas evaluated were:

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“…Bioturbation by soil engineers can modify the nature and/or accessibility of resources for other soil organisms, e.g. nutrient availability for plants, pores for non-burrowing invertebrates (Stork and Eggleton 1992 ;Jones et al 1994 ;Lavelle 1997 ;Decaëns et al 2001 ). This group has a major impact on soil functioning mainly by creating soil structures (Fig.…”

Section: Soil Functional Groupsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cropping Systems to Improve Soil Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services: The Outlook and Lines of Research

Clermont-Dauphin

Blanchart

Loranger-Merciris

et al. 2014

Sustainable Agriculture Reviews

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The intensive farming practices that have been developed over the past 60 years are based mainly on the use of chemical inputs such as fertilisers and pesticides, mechanical tillage and monoculture. The limitations of these methods are now clear: long-term degradation of soil fertility, impacts on the environment and human health, high consumption of fossil fuels, low efficiency of inputs and threats to food security in a context of climate change. Would farming practices that rely on the activation of ecological processes be an alternative to achieve a balance between high productivity and environmental preservation? While many studies suggest a positive relationship between soil biodiversity and ecosystem services, there is considerable debate on the form such agricultural systems should take. This study reviewed the state of current knowledge and identified aspects requiring further research to achieve the aim of sustainable intensification of agriculture. The following major points emerged: 1) Most studies focused on the evaluation of individual practices. However, changes in farmers’ cropping practices to take advantage of soil biodiversity services would need to manage not only the interactions between various practices but also the trade-off between the technical and socio economic constraints of cropping systems. Advances in agricultural system design approaches may help to ensure appropriate trade-offs. 2) More attention should be given to drawing on knowledge from different sources: laboratory studies focusing on the ecological functions of soil biodiversity, experimental surveys on farmers’ fields to rank the farming practices and processes to be included in site-specific models, and on- station experiments to test hypotheses and acquire additional reference material. 3) Whereas advances in technical and scientific knowledge provide an increasing number of relevant indicators for characterizing biodiversity and ecological functions, studies are rarely targeted at the development of indicators that are accessible to farmers or their technical advisors. The lack of indicators accessible to grassroots players for evaluating the impacts of their decisions on soil biodiversity remains a serious obstacle to the development of innovative agro-ecological systems

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Propriétés des structures produites par les ingénieurs écologiques à la surface du sol d’une savane colombienne

Cited by 46 publications

References 25 publications

Increasing soil carbon storage: mechanisms, effects of agricultural practices and proxies. A review

Increasing soil carbon storage: mechanisms, effects of agricultural practices and proxies. A review

Caracterização dos agregados em solos sob cultivo no cerrado, MS

Cropping Systems to Improve Soil Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services: The Outlook and Lines of Research

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