Propranolol in the Treatment of Assaultive Patients with Organic Brain Disease

Greendyke, Robert M.; Schuster, Daniel B.; Wooton, John A.

doi:10.1097/00004714-198410000-00009

Cited by 85 publications

(44 citation statements)

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“…Moreover, a retrospective study of the rate of recovery from aphasia after stroke indicated that thiazides or alpha blockers, especially HAL, slowed recovery compared to recovery of undrugged patients or those given PROP (porch, Wyckes, & Feeney, 1985). Since PROP can successfully manage aggressive patients (Greendyke, Schuster, & Wooton, 1984), this drug would be preferable to HAL, which is often administered to agitated brain-injured patients (Cowley & Glen, 1979;Smith, Taylor, & Linkous, 1974). Because there is currently no effective treatment to promote recovery from brain injury, and some drugs currently in use may be harmful, this area clearly requires both clinical and basic science investigations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The locus coeruleus and cerebral metabolism: Recovery of function after cortical injury

et al. 1985

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Cerebral metabolic effects of locus coeruleus (LC) lesion or drugs affecting LC were investigated after unilateral injury of sensorimotor cortex in rats. Sensoriomotor cortex ablation produced a widespread depression of cerebral 14C-2-deoxyglucose utilization which was reversed by amphetamine (AMP, 2 mg/kg) and worsened by haloperidol (HAL, 0.4 mg/kg). Lesion of LC alone did not affect cerebral oxidative metabolism, measured by a stain for the enzyme alphaglycerophosphate dehydrogenase (a-GPDH). Lesion of LC prior to undercut laceration of motor cortex shortened time to onset of a-GPDH cortical paling. Treatment with AMP (2 mg/kg) blocked cortical paling ofthe enzyme stain at 4 days postinjury, an effect prevented by concomitant HAL (0.3 or 0.6 mg/kg). Apomorphine (1 mg/kg) did not block cortical paling. These data parallel effects of these drugs on recovery of function. The results suggest that a metabolic "remote functional depression" (RFD) is alleviated by catecholamine activation after cortical injury, whereas onset of RFD is accelerated by LC lesions and exacerbated by catecholamine blockade.The locus coeruleus (LC) may have an important role in neuronal development and plasticity (Felton, Hallman,

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The locus coeruleus and cerebral metabolism: Recovery of function after cortical injury

et al. 1985

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“…A few small placebo-controlled trials have reported efficacy of propranolol and pindolol for impulsive aggression in populations with organic brain injury [52,53]. The efficacy of psychostimulants on impulsivity is still unclear.…”

Section: Pharmacological Treatment Of Impulsivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Singing under the impulsiveness: impulsivity in psychiatric disorders

Kulacaoğlu

Köse

2017

Psychiatry and Clinical Psychopharmacology

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Impulsivity is a key feature of numerous psychiatric disorders. This paper reviews the recent evidences on the impulsivity in elderly, relationship between impulsivity and borderline personality disorder (BPD) with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), impulsivity with anxiety and mood disorders, and the psychopharmacological approaches to impulsivity evaluating previously published studies. A literature review of the theoretical bases of the relationship between psychiatric disorders and impulsivity is presented. Measurements of impulsivity and neurobiological hypothesis are defined. Treatment approaches are discussed. Previous researches have shown significantly higher levels of impulsivity among patients with BPD, ADHD, anxiety, and mood disorders. In addition, older adults could be more impulsive than younger adults. But the nature of this relationship remains unclear. This is probably due to the fact that there is much overlap between them. Impulsivity is a risk for suicidality and influences pathogenesis, course, clinical severity of many psychiatric disorders. Pharmacological interventions for treating impulsivity should be incorporated into treatment plans for these disorders. Identifying the role of pharmacological interventions in modulating the development of trait impulsivity may prevent progression to psychiatric disorders and associated adverse consequences. ARTICLE HISTORY

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“…The mean doses of propranolol ranged from 120 mg/day ) to 214 mg/day (Ratey et al 1987a(Ratey et al , 1987b. As pointed out by Ratey et al (1986), this range is markedly lower than doses reported in some studies of nonretarded psychiatric patients, in which large doses of propranolol (> 520 mg/day) were needed for efficacy (Greendyke et al 1984, Shepard 1979, Yudofsky et al 1981.…”

Section: Usage In Mental Retardationmentioning

confidence: 86%