Propranolol eye drops in patients with corneal neovascularization

Filippi, Luca; Libero, Cinzia de; Gallarati, Barbara Zamma; Fortunato, Pina; Piozzi, Elena

doi:10.1097/md.0000000000013002

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The ratio between propranolol hydrochloride and the PiPOx polymer was 2% (w/w). Propranolol hydrochloride (ProH) is a nonselective β1/β2-adrenoreceptor blocker that has been used for treating different eye problems such as retinopathy or choroidal neovascularization. , Propranolol in the form of its hydrochloride is water-soluble, has good chemical stability up to 80 °C, and is characterized by a short elimination half-life of about 3 h . The ProH release was investigated in three different media PBS, borax (pH 8), and SGF (pH 1.2) to determine the potential administration routes including parenteral, rectal, and oral routes.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Propranolol hydrochloride (ProH) is a nonselective β1/β2adrenoreceptor blocker that has been used for treating different eye problems such as retinopathy or choroidal neovascularization. 56,57 Propranolol in the form of its hydrochloride is watersoluble, has good chemical stability up to 80 °C, and is characterized by a short elimination half-life of about 3 h. 58 The ProH release was investigated in three different media PBS, borax (pH 8), and SGF (pH 1.2) to determine the potential administration routes including parenteral, rectal, and oral routes. The drug-release experiments in PBS revealed a similar drug-release rate for PiPOx hydrogels except for PiPOx-Cys, suggesting that no specific interactions between the drug and the cross-linker were formed (Figure 6a).…”

Section: Mechanical Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Poly(2-isopropenyl-2-oxazoline) Hydrogels with Biodegradable Junction Points for Drug-Delivery Applications

Ghibu,

Vasile,

Caraş

et al. 2024

Chem. Mater.

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Poly(2-isopropenyl-2-oxazoline) (PiPOx) is a functional and versatile polymer showing great potential in developing hydrogel materials. The postpolymerization functionalization of PiPOx with various dicarboxylic acid derivatives evidenced that the hydrophilic character and the mechanical properties of hydrogels can be tailored to address specific applications, in particular biomedical applications. In this study, we report on the synthesis of biodegradable PiPOx-based hydrogels as drug vehicles. These hydrogels were designed to enhance the efficacy and safety of drug release, undergoing hydrolysis in simulated physiological fluids. To facilitate their use in biomedical applications, the herein PiPOx-based hydrogels were obtained in a one-pot synthesis cross-linking protocol in water at a moderate temperature of 60 °C. The cross-linking reaction of PiPOx was performed with a series of nontoxic biobased amino/hydroxy-substituted dicarboxylic acids in the absence and presence of a hydrophilic drug model, propranolol hydrochloride. The chemical nature of the cross-linker influenced the degradation rate and the drug-release performance of the hydrogel materials. The water uptake, crosslinking density, and mechanical stability of the hydrogels could be easily modulated by changing the cross-linker or by altering the ratio between the 2-oxazoline pendent groups and the carboxylic acid groups. The hydrolytic degradation and the drug-release kinetics of the hydrogels were evaluated in-depth in simulated body fluids with pH values of 1.2 (pH of gastric fluid), 7.4 (pH of plasma), and 8 (pH of intestinal fluid), whereas the drug-release kinetic parameters were also assessed and discussed. The drugrelease rate could be effortlessly controlled by varying both the cross-linker nature and the amount of cross-linker. Moreover, the degradability of the hydrogels under enzymatic conditions using either lipase or esterase as the hydrolysis promoter was demonstrated. Preliminary biological assays proved that the degradation products of PiPOx hydrogels are noncytotoxic, and they do not generate inflammatory responses. Additionally, hemocompatibility assays revealed that PiPOx hydrogels did not have a noxious effect on blood plasma coagulation. Considering the reported results, these hydrogels show potential use as long-term biodegradable implants in tissue engineering or controlled drug-delivery applications.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mechanical Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Poly(2-isopropenyl-2-oxazoline) Hydrogels with Biodegradable Junction Points for Drug-Delivery Applications

Ghibu,

Vasile,

Caraş

et al. 2024

Chem. Mater.

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“…Thus, endothelial cells produce fibrinogen activators and stimulating blood vessels, which lead to the occurrence of angiogenesis. 6,7 In this research experiment, the model of CNV induced by alkali in mice was established. ERK inhibitors were used to interfere and investigate the effects and the mechanism of ERK inhibitors on neovascularization.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of ERK inhibitor on corneal neovascularization induced by alkali burn in mice and its mechanism

Wang

et al. 2019

Eur J Inflamm

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The objective of this study is to explore the effect of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) inhibitors on corneal neovascularization induced by alkali burn in mice and its mechanism. A total of 30 standard diet (SD) healthy mice were divided into normal group, alkali burn group, and inhibitor group. Normal group was not treated. Alkali burn group and inhibitor group were used to establish corneal neovascularization model induced by alkali burn. After successful modeling, ERK inhibitor was used to intervene in inhibitor group, and saline of equal volume was used in normal group and alkali burn group. The area of corneal neovascularization was calculated and the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), c-Fos, c-Jun, ERK1/2, and p-ERK1/2 protein in cornea tissue of three groups of mice was detected. The relative expression of vascular area, length, VEGF, c-Fos, c-Jun, ERK1/2, and p-ERK1/2 protein in cornea tissue of mice in alkali burn group was significantly higher than that in normal group and inhibitor group. The relative expression of vascular area, length, VEGF, c-Fos, c-Jun, ERK1/2, and p-ERK1/2 protein in cornea tissue of mice in inhibitor group was higher than that in normal group, and the expression level of PEDF was lower than that in normal group (P < 0.05). ERK inhibitors inhibit the formation of corneal neovascularization by inhibiting the expression of VEGF, c-Fos, and c-Jun proteins through the action of ERK signaling pathway.

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“…Other agents studied also include propranolol. Two patients who received propranolol eye drops in the setting of Stevens-Johnson-induced corneal NV reported improvement in photophobia and discomfort, but only one patient had improvement in visual acuity and reduction in corneal NV [72].…”

Section: Off Label Medicationsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Current trends in the management of corneal neovascularization

Rangu,

Dang,

Riaz

2024

Current Opinion in Ophthalmology

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Purpose of review The aim of this study was to highlight recent developments in the medical and surgical management of corneal neovascularization (NV). Recent findings Improved understanding and diagnostic criteria among clinicians have led to advancements in the characterization of corneal NV and objective assessment of treatment response through ancillary imaging devices. Developments in corneal NV treatments, such as antivascular endothelial growth factor, fine needle diathermy, and photodynamic therapy, have improved treatment success rates and visual outcomes. More recent surgical treatment advancements include corneal cross-linking, endothelial keratoplasty, and mitomycin intravascular chemoembolization. Finally, a greater appreciation of the molecular pathogenesis and angiogenic factors involved in corneal NV has identified numerous potential targeted therapies in the future. Summary The management of corneal NV has evolved to include several standalone and combination medical and surgical options. Additionally, improvements in quantifying corneal NV and understanding its molecular basis have contributed to new management strategies with improved outcomes.

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Propranolol eye drops in patients with corneal neovascularization

Cited by 4 publications

References 22 publications

Poly(2-isopropenyl-2-oxazoline) Hydrogels with Biodegradable Junction Points for Drug-Delivery Applications

Poly(2-isopropenyl-2-oxazoline) Hydrogels with Biodegradable Junction Points for Drug-Delivery Applications

Effect of ERK inhibitor on corneal neovascularization induced by alkali burn in mice and its mechanism

Current trends in the management of corneal neovascularization

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