Proposition pour une physiologie de la jouissance

Abstract

RésuméObjectifs. -(1) Cet article vise à articuler une définition du concept Lacanien de la jouissance de façon à ce qu'il puisse faire sens au niveau physiologique et à étayer une proposition d'une instanciation de la jouissance au niveau physiologique. Méthode. -(1) Par la lecture de l'oeuvre Freudienne et Lacanienne, la distinction de quatre aspects du concept est effectuée : au niveau du corps (a) de la pulsion, (b) de l'événement de satisfaction et (c) de l'excès de tension corporelle, et, au niveau de l'histoire, (d) l'empreinte historique. (2) Cette grille d'analyse est appliquée dans le domaine des neurosciences. Résultats. -(1) La jouissance se présente tant comme (a) la tension motrice sous-tendant l'action satisfaisant la pulsion, (b) le vécu qui accompagne l'évènement de satisfaction inaugurale, (c) l'accumulation de tension corporelle à la rencontre du Das Ding ou à la reviviscence de l'état de voeux que comme (d) ce qui marque le corps avec l'histoire de sa commémoration et ce qui, à partir de cette inscription, pousse à agir et à répéter.(2) Le circuit mésolimbique dopaminergique qui relie les parties les plus archaïques dans le tronc cérébral avec les cortex moteurs les plus évolués en passant par l'interface névralgique du noyau accumbens dans le système limbique, sous-tend à chaque fois ces quatre aspects distincts : (a) il a été caractérisé précédemment comme l'instanciation de la pulsion freudienne ; (b) la satisfaction non-anticipée est scellée par une libération ଝ Toute référence à cet article doit porter mention : Bazan A, Detandt S, Askari S. Proposition pour une physiologie de la jouissance. Evol Psychiatr 2016;81(3): pages (pour la version papier) ou URL [date de consultation] (pour la version électronique).* Auteur correspondant. Results. -(1) Jouissance at once entails the following: (a) the bodily tension underlying the action that satisfies the drive, (b) the experience accompanying the inaugural satisfaction event, (c) the accumulation of body tension due to the encounter with das Ding or to the revival of the wishful state, and (d) the inscription in the body of the history of its commemoration, which drives it to re-enact. (2) The mesolimbic dopaminergic system, linking the most archaic parts of the brainstem with the most developed motor cortices, via the nucleus accumbens in the limbic system, underpins each of these four distinct aspects of jouissance: (a) it was previously characterized as the instantiation of the Freudian drive; (b) dopamine release rewards each unanticipated satisfaction; (c) subsequently, each new encounter announcing the renewal of the satisfaction leads to dopamine release which puts the body under tension to act; (d) more specifically, this system can generate long-term neuronal adaptations leading to hypersensitivity towards actions that were previously mediated by dopamine release. In addition, this system, dissociating the action from its result, structurally implies its own derailment, the so-called autoshaping, just as jouissance implies a derailm...

The Mark, the Thing, and the Object: On What Commands Repetition in Freud and Lacan

“…The child’s repetitive “o-a” does not impact on the leaving and the return of the mother, but it is joyfully and victoriously repeated nevertheless. We have defended elsewhere ( Bazan et al, 2016 ) that even if the act is not adequate in grasping the thing, it still is better than sideration or bewilderment; it is the execution in itself that brings relief. Freud will say it is relief “from another source”; Lacan will consider that it radically concerns another domain, the domain of signifiers to which the child finds entrance.…”

“…Therefore, it is not concerned with valence as affects are. Without going into details, we are inclined to see affect, in the common sense, as far less determining and orienting for behavior than the drive system and as not organized around the adequacy of the act (for more details, see Bazan and Detandt, 2013 , 2015 ; Bazan et al, 2016 ; Detandt, 2016 ).…”

“… 16 This event is, so we think, beyond the mechanical part of it, the explosion of the sugar receptors in the mouth massively and suddenly highly activated. As we have discussed elsewhere, a physiological marker is proposed for this surprise in the form of a release of dopamine at the level of the nucleus accumbens, i.e., the dopamine peak indicating unexpected reward ( Bazan and Detandt, 2013 ) but also the dopamine release corresponding with disrupting, aversive and traumatic events ( Bazan and Detandt, 2015 ), taken together as dopamine release ‘marking’ the unexpected event, independent of its valence ( Bazan et al, 2016 ), and leading to a physiological registration known as ‘incentive sensitization.’ …”

The Psychoanalytic Concept of Jouissance and the Kindling Hypothesis

“…However, if we were to think about a neurophysiological mechanism that could account for the neurobiological support of jouissance —as a phenomenon of the living being—a mechanism of this kind (of reverse tolerance, like kindling) might be suitable. Bazan et al ( 2016 ) have also suggested to instantiate jouissance physiologically, namely through the reward system of the mesolimbic pathway. This system can register a hypersensitivity for action that has previously been sealed by an experience of satisfaction and a jubilatory release of dopamine.…”

Lacanian Psychoanalysis

“…Therefore, it is not concerned with valence as affects are. Without going into details, we are inclined to see affect, in the common sense, as far less determining and orienting for behavior than the drive system and as not organized around the adequacy of the act (for more details, see Detandt, 2013, 2015;Detandt, 2016).Frontiers in Psychology | www.frontiersin.org…”