Proposed Cephalometric Diagnosis for Osteogenic Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA): The Mandibular/Pharyngeal Ratio

Hilloowala, Rumy; Trent, Roger B.; Günel, Erdoǵan; Pifer, Robert G.

doi:10.1080/08869634.1999.11746105

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 57 publications

(7 reference statements)

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“…(23,56) SDB has also been earlier reported in 19.5% of the healthy urban middle aged male population of Bombay (8). The possible reason for a higher observation of SDB in Indians could be their craniofacial anatomy predisposing this race to OSA (58) as observed in a study from Singapore comparing them with the two other ethnic populations (Malays and Chinese) living there (4.5% vs 3.7% and 1.6% respectively) (59). Another reason could be the presence of co-morbidities in both obese and nonobese subjects pre-disposing them to SDB as discussed earlier.…”

Section: Pattern Of Sleep Disordered Breathing In Obese Indiansmentioning

confidence: 59%

Pattern of sleep disordered breathing in obese Indians

Gupta¹,

Jaiswal²,

Gupta³

et al. 2009

Indian Journal of Sleep Medicine

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Introduction: Obesity has become a major health problem worldwide due to high comorbidity and an increasing prevalence. It is the greatest risk factor for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Owing to lack of data on the association of obesity and OSA within the country, the present study was designed to evaluate the pattern of sleep disordered breathing (SDB) among obese Indian subjects. Material and Method:The study was prospectively carried out in Sleep Laboratory of LRS Institute of Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases, New Delhi. 30 obese [having body mass index BMI > 27.5 kg/m 2 ] and 10 non-obese (having BMI < 27.5 kg/m 2 ) subjects were consecutively enrolled into the study (obesity) and the control (non-obese) groups respectively as per the World Health Organization (WHO) Criteria of Obesity for Asians. Detailed clinical history including that of sleep was taken, a physical examination along with anthropometric measurements like neck circumference (NC), waist circumference (WC) and hip circumference (HC) was done and laboratory investigations were performed in all subjects, who thereafter, underwent an overnight polysomnography (PSG) on Compumedics E-Series sleep software. Sleep was staged as per Rechtshaffen and Kales (R & K) rules and SDB evaluated as per standard criteria. Data was subjected to statistical analysis. Results: There were 16 obese, 8 severely obese & 6 morbidly obese subjects. Respective characteristics of the obesity and the control group subjects showed a mean age of 47.73 and 40.90 years, a male-female ratio of 19: 11 and 7:3, and a mean BMI of 33.46 and 23.73 kg/m 2 . Mean Apnoea-Hypopnoea Index (AHI) was significantly higher among the subjects of the obesity group as compared to the controls. Similarly, mean AHI was significantly higher among the obese males, those having NC between 35 to < 45 cms, symptomatics, those having 4 to 6 number of symptoms, and those having co-morbidities as compared to the respective non-obese counterparts. Mean value of sleep latency was higher, while that of Total Sleep Time (TST) & sleep efficiency lower in the obesity than the control group. Oxygen De-saturation Index (ODI) and indices of arousal, Periodic Limb Movement (PLM) in Sleep (PLMS) & PLM with arousals were significantly higher in the obesity as compared to the control group respectively. No significant differences were noticed between the groups with regard to sleep stage percentages.

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Section: Pattern Of Sleep Disordered Breathing In Obese Indiansmentioning

confidence: 59%

Pattern of sleep disordered breathing in obese Indians

Gupta¹,

Jaiswal²,

Gupta³

et al. 2009

Indian Journal of Sleep Medicine

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“…Possible reasons for this difference between frequency of Obstructive sleep apnea have been attributed to cephalometric variations. This variation also points towards the possibility of an osteogenic etiology of Obstructive sleep apnea [6] . Some studies like the one from China found that craniofacial structures and obesity contributed differentially to Obstructive sleep apnea in two ethnic groups [7] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Relationship between Obstructive Sleep Apnea and the Nasofacial Anthropometry of Sikkimese Subjects

Mukherjee¹

2018

jmscr

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Prevalence of Sleep-disordered Breathing and Sleep Apnea in Middle-aged Urban Indian Men

Udwadia

Doshi

Lonkar

et al. 2004

Am J Respir Crit Care Med

312

211

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No data are available on the prevalence of sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) and obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) in Indians. We conducted a two-phase cross-sectional prevalence study for the same in healthy urban Indian males (35-65 years) coming to our hospital in Bombay for a routine health check. We also investigated its risk factors and evaluated the significance of the most commonly asked questions that best correlated with the presence of OSAHS. In the first phase, 658 subjects (94%) returned completed questionnaires regarding their sleep habits and associated medical conditions. In the second phase, 250 of these underwent an overnight home sleep study. The estimated prevalence of SDB (apnea-hypopnea index of 5 or more) was 19.5%, and that of OSAHS (SDB with daytime hypersomnolence) was 7.5%. Multiple stepwise logistic regression determined body mass index, neck girth, and history of diabetes mellitus as the principal covariates of SDB. The presence of snoring, nocturnal choking, unrefreshing sleep, recurrent awakening from sleep, daytime hypersomnolence, and daytime fatigue was each statistically significant for identifying patients with OSAHS. The higher prevalence of OSAHS in urban Indian men is striking and may have major public health implications in a developing country.

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Proposed Cephalometric Diagnosis for Osteogenic Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA): The Mandibular/Pharyngeal Ratio

Cited by 4 publications

References 57 publications

Pattern of sleep disordered breathing in obese Indians

Pattern of sleep disordered breathing in obese Indians

The Relationship between Obstructive Sleep Apnea and the Nasofacial Anthropometry of Sikkimese Subjects

Prevalence of Sleep-disordered Breathing and Sleep Apnea in Middle-aged Urban Indian Men

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