Proposal of Rational Evaluation Methods of Structure Damage by Tsunami

Yamamoto, Yoshimichi; Charusrojthanadech, Nunthawath; Nariyoshi, Kenji

doi:10.2208/kaigan.67.72

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Therefore, because the Nankai tsunami is expected to occur in the near future, and further research on disaster prevention and mitigation is desired, the authors focused on structural damage caused by the 2011 tsunami. Investigations and comparisons with the compiled structural damage data show that the structural damage limit calculation diagrams of Yamamoto et al (2011) [13] and two-dimensional run-up numerical simulation model can be used to predict structural damage grade. From April 9-15, 2011, a building destruction investigation including the destruction status of reinforced concrete buildings, wooden houses, concrete block walls, and steel-framed buildings due to the tsunami inundation was executed.…”

Section: Field Survey Of Building Destruction By the 2011 Great East Japan Tsunamimentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Field Survey Of Building Destruction By the 2011 Great East Japan Tsunamimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The effect on the degree is not known. Therefore, Yamamoto et al (2011) [13] proposed a simple evaluation method, which is described below.…”

Section: Notementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Yamamoto et al (2011) [13] showed the applicability of the gate-type ramen for the wooden pillars of wooden houses, using the data from the 1993 Hokkaido Nansei-Oki earthquake tsunami, as shown in Figure 30a,b. The height of the column on the first floor was set at 3.3 m, which was higher for safety, and the cross-section of the column was rectangular.…”

Section: Threshold Width Of the Pillar In Wooden Buildingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our proposed hydro-morphodynamics model made it possible to calculate inundation depth and inundation velocity at any desired point and time in a proposed area. Yamamoto, Nunthawath, and Nariyoshi (2011) [13], as well as Ca (2011, 2012) [14,15], showed that the combination of tsunami simulations and diagrams made by stress analysis using the gate-type Rahmen mode easily predicted whether buildings were broken by a tsunami. The formal evaluation method of building destruction due to tsunamis are usually costly and time-consuming, while methods using developed diagrams are economical and simple.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Rational Evaluation Methods of Topographical Change and Building Destruction in the Inundation Area by a Huge Tsunami

Ahmadi

Yamamoto

2020

JMSE

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In the case of huge tsunamis, such as the 2004 Great Indian Ocean Tsunami and 2011 Great East Japan Tsunami, the damage caused by ground scour is serious. Therefore, it is important to improve prediction models for the topographical change of huge tsunamis. For general models that predict topographical change, the flow velocity distribution of a flood region is calculated by a numerical model based on a nonlinear long wave theory, and the distribution of bed-load rates is calculated using this velocity distribution and an equation for evaluating bed-load rates. This bed-load rate equation usually has a coefficient that can be decided using verification simulations. For the purpose, Ribberink’s formula has high reproducibility within an oscillating flow and was chosen by the authors. Ribberink’s formula needs a bed-load transport coefficient that requires sufficient verification simulations, as it consumes plenty of time and money to decide its value. Therefore, the authors generated diagrams that can define the suitable bed-load coefficient simply using the data acquired from hydraulic experiments on a movable bed. Subsequently, for the verification purpose of the model, the authors performed reproduced simulations of topography changes caused by the 2011 Great East Japan Tsunami at some coasts in Northern Japan using suitable coefficients acquired from the generated diagrams. The results of the simulations were in an acceptable range. The authors presented the preliminary generated diagrams of the same methodology but with insubstantial experimental data at the time at the International Society of Offshore and Polar Engineers (ISOPE), (2018 and 2019). However, in this paper, an adequate amount of data was added to the developed diagrams based on many hydraulic experiments to further raise their reliability and their application extent. Furthermore, by reproducing the tsunami simulation on the Sendai Natori coast of Japan, the authors determined that the impact of total bed-load transport was much bigger than that of suspension loads. Besides, the simulation outputs revealed that the mitigation effect of the cemented sand and gravel (CSG) banks and artificial refuge hills reduced tsunami damage on Japan’s Hamamatsu coast. Since a lot of buildings and structures in the inundation area can be destroyed by tsunamis, building destruction design was presented in this paper through an economy and simplified state. Using the proposed tsunami simulation model, we acquired the inundation depth at any specific time and location within the inundated area. Because the inundation breadth due to a huge tsunami can extend kilometers toward the inland area, the evaluation of building destruction is an important measure to consider. Therefore, the authors in this paper presented useful threshold diagrams to evaluate building destruction with an easy and cost-efficient state. The threshold diagrams of “width of a pillar” for buildings or “width of concrete block walls” not breaking to each inundation height were developed using the data of damages due to the 2011 Great East Japan Tsunami.

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Section: Field Survey Of Building Destruction By the 2011 Great East Japan Tsunamimentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Field Survey Of Building Destruction By the 2011 Great East Japan Tsunamimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The effect on the degree is not known. Therefore, Yamamoto et al (2011) [13] proposed a simple evaluation method, which is described below.…”

Section: Notementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Threshold Width Of the Pillar In Wooden Buildingsmentioning

confidence: 99%