Proposal of New Exhaust Emission Compliance and Testing Procedures Based on Averaging

Klingenberg, Horst; Schürmann, D.

doi:10.4271/821192

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…), based on accumulated experience in the automobile industry, it is well known that fuel-injected vehicles typically exhibit less unit-to-unit emissions variation than carburetted vehicles, particularly when an oxidising catalyst is used to control exhaust emissions [19].…”

Section: Expected Future Trends In International Emissions Legislationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced Electronic Fuel Injection Systems - An Emissions Solution for Both 2 - and 4 - Stroke Small Vehicle Engines

Archer¹,

Bell²

2001

SAE Technical Paper Series

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This paper describes two advanced electronic fuel injection systems for small vehicles which have recently become commercially available. Both systems have been designed and developed by the authors' organisation.One of the two systems ('aSDI') has been designed and developed for 2-stroke engines and the other ('SePI') for 4-stroke engines. Both systems are intended for application on small vehicles fitted with small 1 -2 cylinder gasoline engines of displacement 50 -250 cm Fuel consumption and emissions results from both systems are presented, and in both cases it is shown that engine-out exhaust emissions meet current and future limits in Europe, India and Taiwan, without the need for exhaust after-treatment. It is also shown that both systems offer significant fuel savings relative to otherwise-equivalent, carburetted baseline vehicles.Other important benefits of these systems which are discussed in this paper are improved cold start and improved driveability.The paper also includes a short overview of the performance and cost implications of both systems relative to alternative emissions control methods.1 For reasons of convenience, these types of vehicles will be referred to collectively as 'small vehicles' in this paper.

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Section: Expected Future Trends In International Emissions Legislationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced Electronic Fuel Injection Systems - An Emissions Solution for Both 2 - and 4 - Stroke Small Vehicle Engines

Archer¹,

Bell²

2001

SAE Technical Paper Series

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“…This can be clearly shown in the exhaust gas species composition datasets, which fluctuate between lean and rich environment, in a stoichiometric SI engine. Thus, it is not surprising that there exists a significant variation in the attainable quality of acquisition of test data between different test labs [156,157] . …”

Section: 1 Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and application of a computer aided engineering methodology supporting the design optimization of automotive exhaust treatment systems

Konstantas¹

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O p t i m i z a t i o n o f A u t o m o t i v e E x h a u s t T r e a t m e n t S y s t e m sTHESIS submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of D o c t o r o f P h i l o s o p h y i n M e c h a n i c a l E n g i n e e r i n g of the D e p a r t m e n t o f M e c h a n i c a l a n d I n d u s t r i a l E n g i n e e r i n g -3 - Since the core of almost every automotive exhaust aftertreatment system is some kind of catalytic converter, intensive research activity is devoted to the various scientific and technical aspects of catalytic technology. These aspects vary from practical research on new materials and novel techniques to improve catalyst microstructure, to theoretical contributions of detailed descriptions of chemical phenomena inside the converters and proposals of mechanistic reaction schemes.Nevertheless, the extremely high efficiencies that are expected from any modern catalyst cannot be attained without simultaneously optimizing aftertreatment device performance, engine design and the control system that drives the whole system. Thus, from a mechanical engineer's point of view, the exhaust treatment complexity is expressed as a strong interaction between these three fields: powertrain operation, engine management characteristics and exhaust treatment device operation.In general, the composition of exhaust gas depends on the engine type, the operating point of the engine, the ambient temperature, the transmission system and miscellaneous characteristics of each system. Thus, the engine management holds a key role in the behavior of the catalytic converter, since it affects both its input as well as the temperature range under which it operates. Moreover, exhaust line design, involving exhaust manifold heat capacity, insulated pipes and positioning of the devices, is strongly connected with the catalytic converter operation. Furthermore, catalysts with the same chemical composition may behave quite differently, depending on the actual procedures that were employed during catalyst preparation.The complexity of the automotive exhaust treatment systems quickly became apparent in the industry. Mathematical modeling tools are continuously developed, in order to complement the experimental efforts and provide guidance for areas that needed improvement. In the last 30 years, many models have appeared in the literature [2] . Their approaches and their scope were diverse, but in general they were rather focused on the individual devices than on the whole aftertreatment system. -6 -Specifically for the catalytic converter modeling: most kinetic studies so far resulted in models that are valid for the specific combination of engine and catalyst status at that moment (usually fresh catalysts). Although valuable for a specific engineering problem, such modeling results could only partially be extended in different systems, and only with great caution. Indeed, successful extension of the results of a specific case to another one is rare in the literature [1] . As a characteristic example...

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Vehicle Exhaust Emission Testing Procedures - Overview and Criticism

Klingenberg¹

1996

Automobile Exhaust Emission Testing

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Proposal of New Exhaust Emission Compliance and Testing Procedures Based on Averaging

Cited by 6 publications

References 8 publications

Advanced Electronic Fuel Injection Systems - An Emissions Solution for Both 2 - and 4 - Stroke Small Vehicle Engines

Advanced Electronic Fuel Injection Systems - An Emissions Solution for Both 2 - and 4 - Stroke Small Vehicle Engines

Development and application of a computer aided engineering methodology supporting the design optimization of automotive exhaust treatment systems

Vehicle Exhaust Emission Testing Procedures - Overview and Criticism

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