Proposal of a tool for evaluating people’s values regarding Lake Biwa

Abstract

The Shiga Prefectural Government (SPG) is in a process of reviewing and revising 'Mather Lake 21 Plan', which is a comprehensive conservation plan developed in 2000 for Lake Biwa. This study was meant to compass the values of people for Lake Biwa, allowing them to be reflected in the revised plan. The authors first conducted a value survey (VS) as a part of an opinion survey by the SPG, requesting prefectural inhabitants to evaluate the level of importance of five major functions of the lake in absolute terms. The five major functions include the following: water resources, ecosystem, landscape, lifestyle and industry. An experiment involving undergraduate students also was conducted, in which the students were asked to evaluate the level of importance, in both absolute and relative terms. Relative evaluations were accomplished by the Analytic Hierarchy Process method. The results indicated that (i) The average values of the prefectural people regarding Lake Biwa, in terms of the lake's functions, were determined, with the values found to be less subject to people's attributes; (ii) A good linear relationship between the absolute and relative evaluations was obtained in the student experiment, suggesting that the absolute evaluations could be converted to relative ones with the derived relationship; and (iii) By converting the absolute evaluations of the VS to relative ones, it was revealed that prefectural residents attached importance to the lake's functions, with the relative order of importance being water resources, ecosystem, landscape, industry and lifestyle.

Community-based shared values as a ‘Heart-ware’ driver for integrated watershed management: Japan-Malaysia policy learning perspective

“…This is because the complexity of decisions about how best to improve a watershed can be conflicting, as stakeholders often have varying viewpoints about what is important in managing a watershed, and about the projected outcomes and consequences of actions taken. According to Hirayama et al (2011), these shared values can be categorized according to the major functions of a watershed (in this case, a lake) to human life (Table 1) A possible way forward in this process of mediation is to use a value-focused thinking i.e. by starting from the prioritization of values that are more commonly shared by different stakeholders.…”

“…Evaluating people's value of a lake: The functional approach Source: Adapted fromHirayama et al (2011) …”

Temporal Variations of Citizens’ Demands on Flood Damage Mitigation, Streamflow Quantity and Quality in the Korean Urban Watershed

“…The policy-makers also must know the alternatives that are available to solve the problem. Using these alternatives and the predetermined criteria, a hierarchy can be built [22]. Each criterion on this level is decomposed into sub-criteria at the next level and so on.…”

“…Essential to the entire AHP methodology is the determination of the respective weights of the criteria and sub-criteria. One common method for determining weights is through a process of pairwise comparison [22,23].…”