Proposal for an Enhanced Physical Education Program in the Primary School: Evaluation of Feasibility and Effectiveness in Improving Physical Skills and Fitness

Abstract

The proposed school-based MVPA program showed effectiveness and feasibility. The differences observed by gender highlight the need to use different strategies to increase the involvement of all the participants.

Jump gymnastic at school physical education for adolescents and adults: changes and prevalence of success in health-related physical fitness

“…The impact of these results could be important, in order to improve the quality of life for these people, as well as working activities and school performance. It is a consensus that physical fitness is an important health indicator and that physical education is a suitable strategy to a healthier lifestyle [1][2][3][4][5][6]26 .…”

“…Physical education at school and in public context is an important parameter for the development of physical activity (PA) and improvement of physical fitness and health 2,3 . A wide range of studies showed positive results from interventions in physical education classes, exercise and PA, promoting high levels of moderate to vigorous PA 4 , improving physical fitness in musculoskeletal and cardiometabolic components 2,5,6 and reducing sedentary behavior 7 in children and adoles-cents. The interventions with behavior and education approaches for a better lifestyle in general, by means of physical exercise, also succeed in improving body mass index 8 .…”

“…The interventions with behavior and education approaches for a better lifestyle in general, by means of physical exercise, also succeed in improving body mass index 8 . Beyond health-related physical fitness, physical education classes are important to the global development of students [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8] .…”

“…However, physical education presents some divergent issues regarding pedagogy and teaching methodology, and due to different school populations, objectives and contexts, it could interfere as boundaries, contributing to low levels of PA and this may have negative health impacts 9,10 . Also, physical fitness is one of school physical education goals, which are relevant health markers to healthy lifestyle [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10] . In addition, in Brazilian context the high dropout rates due to situations of vulnerability, such as poverty and the need of working, make it difficult to apply interventions with physical education for health 11 .…”

The role of the extra physical activity on memory storage and psychosocial features

“…In the western world, the lack of physical activity in every phase of our lives is one of the most important problem that we have to face (Colley, Garriguet, Janssen, Clarke & Tremblay, 2011;D'Isanto, Manna & Altavilla, 2017;Gurnani, Birken & Hamilton, 2015;WHO, 2015). The worrisome data are even more relevant for what concern children and adolescent where the time spent for the physical activities is very little and it is decreasing through the years (Berringan D. & Masse, 2008;Dallolio, Ceciliani, Sanna, Garulli & Leoni, 2016;Ding, Sallis & Kerr, 2011;Hill & Peters, 1998;Holt, Hill, Lee & Millar, 2013;WHO, 2015).…”