Proposal and Evaluation of Subordinate Standard Solar Irradiance Spectra with a Focus on Air Mass Effects

Wilbert, Stefan; Jessen, Wilko; Gueymard, Christian A.; Polo, Jesús; Bian, Zeqiang; Driesse, Anton; Habte, Aron; Marzo, Aitor; Armstrong, Peter; Vignola, Frank; Ramírez, Lourdes

doi:10.18086/swc.2017.21.06

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The software SMARTS 2.9.5 (Gueymard, 2001, Gueymard, 1995 was used to generate the spectra. The spectra for AM 1.5 and the underlying atmospheric conditions are described in detail in (Jessen et al, 2018;Wilbert et al, 2017). The AM of 5 corresponds to a zenith angle of 78.7° which is close to the 80° limit used for the definition of the directional error in the 1990 version of ISO 9060.…”

Section: Test Spectra and Calculation Of The Clear Sky Spectral Errormentioning

confidence: 88%

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Application of the Clear Sky Spectral Error for Radiometer Classification in ISO 9060

Wilbert¹,

Jessen²,

Forstinger³

et al. 2019

Proceedings of the ISES Solar World Congress 2019

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A recent update of the ISO 9060 standard for the classification of solar radiometers introduces the use of the clear sky spectral error. The spectral error is the change in responsivity that may occur when the spectral distribution of the incident solar radiation differs from the spectral distribution present at the time of calibration. Spectral errors may occur if the radiometer does not have a completely uniform spectral responsivity. This use of the clear sky spectral error is a significant change compared to the previous version of the 9060 standard as now not only thermopile radiometers, but also photodiode radiometers are covered by the standard. We explain the method used to derive the spectral error and present spectral errors for several radiometers of different technologies. The results demonstrate that the new method is helpful to classify radiometers, distinguishing between different radiometer types and excluding inappropriate instruments from the classification as pyranometers and pyrheliometers. We recommend that the method is also used for WMO's radiometer classification which up to our knowledge is currently not fulfilled by any field pyrheliometer and many pyranometers on the market due to its demanding requirements for the spectral responsivity.

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Section: Test Spectra and Calculation Of The Clear Sky Spectral Errormentioning

confidence: 88%

“…Between 90 % and 99 % of DNI and GHI are received at air masses below 5 depending on the site. AM 1.5 was selected as it is considered to be a good choice for the creation of average spectra (Wilbert et al, 2017). The spectra are available under http://standards.iso.org/iso/9060/ed-2.…”

Section: Test Spectra and Calculation Of The Clear Sky Spectral Errormentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of the Clear Sky Spectral Error for Radiometer Classification in ISO 9060

Wilbert¹,

Jessen²,

Forstinger³

et al. 2019

Proceedings of the ISES Solar World Congress 2019

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“…The spectral distribution of solar radiation depends on the characteristics of the gas and aerosol mixture that make up the local atmosphere, and it also depends on the length of the path that is travelled by the light, which is related to the air mass. These local characteristics may largely vary over time and from one place to another, thereby giving the solar spectrum a different form [28][29][30].…”

Section: Atacama Desert Solar Spectrummentioning

confidence: 99%

HIT Solar Cell Modeling Using Graphene as a Transparent Conductive Layer Considering the Atacama Desert Solar Spectrum

Revollo,

Ferrada,

Martin

et al. 2023

Applied Sciences

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The optical and geometrical properties of transparent conductive oxide (TCO) are crucial factors influencing the efficiency of a−Si:H/c−Si heterojunction (HIT) solar cells. Graphene is a potential candidate to be used as TCO due to its optical and electrical properties. Here, the effect of graphene as TCO is numerically analyzed by varying the number of graphene layers from one to ten. First, the optical properties are calculated based on the transmittance data, and then the HJT cell’s performance is simulated under the AM1.5 standard spectrum and the mean Atacama Desert solar spectral irradiance in Chile. In the modeling, the most relevant properties are calculated with the spectrum of the Atacama Desert. The most relevant values were obtained as follows: open circuit voltage Voc=721.4 mV, short circuit current Jsc=39.6 mA/cm2, fill factor FF=76.5%, and energy conversion efficiency Eff=21.6%. The maximum power of solar panels irradiated with the Atacama Desert spectrum exceeds the results obtained with the AM1.5 standard spectrum by 10%. When graphene is the transparent conducting oxide, quantum efficiency has a higher value in the ultraviolet range, which shows that it may be convenient to use graphene-based solar cells in places where ultraviolet intensity is high.

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“…Spectral irradiance is a key parameter in the performance of solar devices, especially those that have a spectrally dependent response. Since spectral distribution of solar irradiance can vary markedly over time and from place to place, there exists an important need to analyze the potential performance of PV technologies under local solar spectral irradiance [ 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of N-PERT Solar Cell under Atacama Desert Solar Spectrum

Ferrada

Marzo²,

Ferrández

et al. 2022

Nanomaterials

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In the Atacama Desert, the spectral distribution of solar radiation differs from the global standard, showing very high levels of irradiation with a particularly high ultraviolet content. Additionally, the response of photovoltaic (PV) technologies is spectrally dependent, so it is necessary to consider local conditions and type of technology to optimize PV devices since solar cells are usually designed for maximum performance under standard testing conditions (STC). In this work, we determined geometrical and doping parameters to optimize the power of an n-type bifacial passivated emitter and rear totally diffused solar cell (n-PERT). Six parameters (the thicknesses of cell, emitter, and back surface field, as well as doping concentration of emitter, base, and back surface field) were used to optimize the cell under the Atacama Desert spectrum (AM 1.08) and under standard conditions (AM 1.5) through a genetic algorithm. To validate the model, the calculated performance of the n-PERT cell was compared with experimental measurements. Computed and experimental efficiencies showed a relative difference below 1% under STC conditions. Through the optimization process, we found that different geometry and doping concentrations are necessary for cells to be used in the Atacama Desert. Reducing the thickness of all layers and increasing doping can lead to a relative increment of 5.4% in the cell efficiency under AM 1.08. Finally, we show the potential effect of metallization and the viability of reducing the thicknesses of the emitter and the back surface field.

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Proposal and Evaluation of Subordinate Standard Solar Irradiance Spectra with a Focus on Air Mass Effects

Cited by 6 publications

References 10 publications

Application of the Clear Sky Spectral Error for Radiometer Classification in ISO 9060

Application of the Clear Sky Spectral Error for Radiometer Classification in ISO 9060

HIT Solar Cell Modeling Using Graphene as a Transparent Conductive Layer Considering the Atacama Desert Solar Spectrum

Optimization of N-PERT Solar Cell under Atacama Desert Solar Spectrum

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