Proportional + integral + derivative control of nonlinear full-car electrohydraulic suspensions using global and evolutionary optimization techniques

2023

Sci Rep

An automobile's vibration can be caused by stimulation from the road's surface. The change in displacement and acceleration values of the sprung mass is used to evaluate the automobile's vibration. Utilizing an active suspension system is recommended in order to attain an increased level of ride comfort. This article presents a novel strategy for regulating the operation of an active suspension system that has been put up for consideration. The PI (Proportional Integral) algorithm, the SMC (Sliding Mode Control) algorithm, and the Fuzzy algorithm served as the basis for developing the FSMPIF algorithm. The signal generated by the SMC algorithm is what is used as the input for the Fuzzy algorithm. In addition, the settings of the PI controller are modified with the help of yet another Fuzzy algorithm. These two Fuzzy methods operate independently from one another and in a setting that is wholly distinct from one another. This algorithm was created in a wholly original and novel way. Using a numerical modelling technique, the vibration of automobiles is investigated with a particular emphasis on two distinct usage situations. In each case, a comparison is made between four different circumstances. Once the FSMPIF method is implemented, the results of the simulation process have demonstrated that the values of displacement and acceleration of the sprung mass are significantly decreased. This was determined by looking at the values before and after implementing the new algorithm. In the first case, these figures do not surpass a difference of 2.55% compared to automobiles that use passive suspension systems. The second case sees these figures falling short of 12.59% in total. As a direct result, the automobile's steadiness and level of comfort have been significantly improved.

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel approach with a fuzzy sliding mode proportional integral control algorithm tuned by fuzzy method (FSMPIF)

2023

Sci Rep

“…[19][20][21] Besides, many other intelligent algorithms have been used to search for the controller's parameters optimally. [22][23][24] The PID controller can only be applied to systems that have an object. If the system has many objects to be controlled, using multiple PID controllers is a suitable alternative.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design a new control algorithm AFSP (Adaptive Fuzzy – Sliding Mode – Proportional – Integral) for automotive suspension system

Advances in Mechanical Engineering

2023

When a vehicle is driving, the most significant source of oscillations is the irregularities in the surface of the road. An active suspension is utilized to enhance the vehicle’s stability and ride comfort. In this work, the dynamic model with multi variables is considered to simulate vehicle oscillations based on four excitation cases from the road surface. In addition, this research also established the AFSP complex control solution for an active suspension system. This is a completely novel algorithm with many outstanding advantages. The final control signal of the system is synthesized from the signals of the linear controller PI (Proportional – Integral) and the nonlinear controller SMC (Sliding Mode Control). The controller’s parameters will change continuously depending on the established fuzzy rule. According to simulation outcomes, the vehicle body displacement and acceleration dramatically declined when the AFSP algorithm directed an active suspension. The values of acceleration and displacement do not exceed 80% and 20%, compared to the scenario in which the vehicle just utilized the typical passive suspension system. Besides, a phenomenon of “chattering” also does not appear when combining the controllers. Overall, the efficiency of this algorithm is high. This algorithm can be applied to more complex models.

“…In [16], Al-Mutar and Abdalla used the PSO algorithm to optimize these parameters. Dahunsi et al introduced Global and Evolutionary Optimization (GEO) techniques in [17]. is algorithm uses eight PID controllers with two in-loops corresponding to four wheels.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Hybrid Control Algorithm Fuzzy-PI with the Second Derivative of the Error Signal for an Active Suspension System

Mathematical Problems in Engineering

2022

A vehicle’s oscillation can be improved by using an active suspension system to replace the conventional passive suspension system. The active suspension system operates on the control signal from the controller. This paper introduces the Fuzzy-PI integrated control algorithm to control the system’s efficiency. The Fuzzy algorithm adjusts the KP and KI parameters of the controller. This response depends on the oscillation state of the vehicle. A quarter model with a hydraulic actuator was used in this research. The simulation process takes place in the MATLAB-Simulink environment. In the first case, the maximum and average values of displacement and acceleration of the sprung mass when the vehicle uses the Fuzzy-PI algorithm are only 2.68%, 1.34%, and 1.65%, 0.66%, respectively, compared to the situation of vehicles using the passive suspension system. For the second case, these values are 3.33%, 1.69%, and 2.01%, 0.73%, respectively. As a result, the vehicle’s stability and comfort are greatly enhanced when the integrated controller is used. Besides, the change of KP and KI parameters is also completely suitable for the vehicle’s driving conditions. This research only leads to calculations and simulations; the experimental process is expected to occur soon.