Propolis Increases Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor Expression in the Prefrontal Cortex of Rat Stress Model

Abstract

Stress causes an increase in glucocorticoid hormones and glutamat release in the central nervous system. This condition can increase calcium influx in the neuron, mitochondrial membrane permeability and triggers apoptosis, thereby reducing the number of neurons. In the prefrontal cortex, stress exposure increase bax expression and decrease in the number of neurons. Stress causes decrease in the expression of brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). To determine neuroprotective effect of propolis on BDNF expression in the prefrontal cortex of rat stress model. Experimental study with male Spraque-Dawley rats, aged 2-4 months and weighing 200-300 g. Rats were randomly divided into 4 groups, each group consisted of 5 rats (n = 5). Group K is the stress group, Groups P1, P2 and P3 are the stress group and propolis therapy with doses of 100, 150 and 200 and mg/kgbb, respectively. Stress treatment and administration of propolis for 14 days. On the 15th day, rats was decapitation and brain tissue taken. Brain tissue was made histological preparations with immunohistochemical staining using bdnf antibody. Observations using a light microscope with a magnification of 1000 times. Statistical data analysis using one way Anova. Group K showed the lowest bdnf expression. The highest bdnf expression was in the P2 group. There was a significant difference in groups K and P2 (p. 0.020). Propolis 150 mg/kgbw increase bdnf expression in the prefrontal cortex of rat stress model..