Propofol emulsion for induction and maintenance of anaesthesia. A combined technique of general and regional anaesthesia

Abstract

To provide general anaes hesia with endotracheal intubation during regional blockades, three dose regimens of propofol emulsion were studied: induction 2 mg kg‐1, infusion rate 9 mg kg‐1 h‐ (Group I); induction 2.5 mg kg‐1, infusion rate I? mg kg‐1 h‐1 (Group 2); induction 2.5 mg kg‐1, infusion rate 9 mg kg‐1 (Group 3). Each group comprised 10 healthy (ASA class 1 or 2) unpremedicated patients. The induction times measured from the start of injection until counting ceased (± 50 s) and until eye‐lash reflex disappeared (± 80 s) showed no statistical differences between groups. In five patients in Group 1 and one patient in each of Groups 2 and 3 the induction dose was too low for intubation. Pain on injection was seen in 13 cases (mild 6, moderate 6 and severe I). Cough accompanied by hypersalivation was the most important side‐effect. Recovery times varied widely and showed no statistical differences. Answering simple questions was possible after 14 min in Group 1, 23 min in Group 2 and 19 min in Group 3. Apart from a short period of euphoria, recovery was uneventful. There was no tendency to fall asleep again. None of the combinations of induction doses and infusion rates provided good anaesthesia conditions for an acceptable number of patients.

Propofol reduces the incidence of emergence agitation in preschool-aged children as well as in school-aged children: a comparison with sevoflurane

“…They speculated that propofol had some residual effect in the early recovery period after short-duration anesthesia. In addition, propofol has been shown to produce a positive mood or euphoric state postoperatively in adults [15,16]. These effects may also occur in young children.…”

Efficacy of sevoflurane as an adjuvant to propofol-based total intravenous anesthesia for attenuating secretions in ocular surgery

“…Previous studies also showed that propofol anesthesia would increase salivation. [8–10] For this reason, TIVA is not suggested for ocular surgery. However, the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) and the need for antiemetics were significantly less in the TIVA patients than in the inhalation anesthesia patients in ophthalmic surgery.…”

Relationship between anesthesia and postoperative endophthalmitis

“…Previous studies had showed that propofol anesthesia would increase salivation. [6–8] In our hospital, we also found that some patients had nasopharyngeal secretions toward the eye resulting in contamination of surgical field in propofol-based total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) in ophthalmic surgery. [9] Besides, Bautista and Keech [10] reported 2 cases under propofol anesthesia with excess nasopharyngeal secretions resulting in surgical contamination in strabismus surgery.…”