Propofol attenuates intestinal mucosa injury induced by intestinal ischemia-reperfusion in the rat

Abstract

Purpose:We investigated whether propofol at a sedative dose can prevent intestinal mucosa ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, and if propofol can attenuate oxidative stress and increases in nitric oxide (NO) and endothelin-1 (ET-1) release that may occur during intestinal I/R injury. Methods:Rats were randomly allocated into one of five groups (n = 10 each): (i) sham control; (ii) injury (one hour superior mesenteric artery occlusion followed by three hours reperfusion); (iii) propofol pre-treatment, with propofol given 30 min before inducing intestinal ischemia; (iv) simultaneous propofol treatment, with propofol given 30 min before intestinal reperfusion was started; (v) propofol post-treatment, with propofol given 30 min after intestinal reperfusion was initiated. In the treatment groups, propofol 50 mg·kg -1 was administrated intraperitoneally. Animals in the control and untreated injury groups received equal volumes of intralipid (the vehicle solution of propofol) intraperitoneally. Intestinal mucosa histology was analyzed by Chiu's scoring assessment. Levels of lactic acid (LD), NO, ET-1, lipid peroxidation product malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in intestinal mucosa were determined. Results:Histological results showed severe damage in the intestinal mucosa of the injury group accompanied by increases in MDA, NO and ET-1 and a decrease in SOD activity. Propofol treatments, especially pre-treatment, significantly reduced Chiu's scores and levels of MDA, NO, ET-1 and LD, while restoring SOD activity. Conclusion:These findings indicate that propofol attenuates intestinal I/R-induced mucosal injury in an animal model. The response may be attributable to propofol's antioxidant properties, and the effects of inhibiting over-production of NO and in decreasing ET-1 levels. CAN J ANESTH 2007 / 54: 5 / pp 366-374 Objectif : Nous avons cherché à savoir si le propofol, en dose sédative, pouvait empêcher les lésions d'ischémie/reperfusion (I/R) de la muqueuse intestinale, et s'il pouvait atténuer le stress oxydatif et les augmentations dans la libération d'oxyde nitrique (NO) et d'endothéline-1 (ET-1) pouvant survenir lors de lésions I/R intestinales. Méthode : Des rats ont été randomisés en cinq groupes (n = 10 chacun) : (i) faux témoin (sham control) ; (ii) lésion (occlusion de

Effects of exercise preconditioning on intestinal ischemia- -reperfusion injury

“…The intestinal I/R injury was associated with dramatic increases in MDA level and MPO activity and decrease in SOD activity (31). In the present study, SOD activity in the I/R group was signifi cantly lower than in the sham group (p < 0.05).…”

“…Increased concentrations of MDA indicate a degree of lipid peroxidation confi rming the oxidative damage in intestinal tissues. In experimental studies with I/R models (29,31,32), MDA levels in intestinal tissue were found to be signifi cantly higher in I/R group compared to sham and treatment groups. A prior study (28) also showed that the MDA level in intestinal tissues in rats subjected to exercise tests was signifi cantly lower than that in sham group.…”

Propofol and N-Acetylcysteine attenuate oxidative stress induced by intestinal ischemia/reperfusion in rats: Protein carbonyl detection by immunoblotting

“…Free radical-mediated oxidation of proteins results in the formation of carbonyl groups in quantities that reflect the intensity of the oxidative stress 1,3 . Oxidant stress is one of major factor contributing to intestinal I/R injury 7 .…”

“…Propofol, characterized by a phenolic structure similar to α-tocopherol, provides an enhancement in antioxidant efficacies and erythrocytes protection against oxidative damage that have been demonstrated both in vitro and in vivo 7,15,16,17 . NAC, an attractive drug which has few side-effects, counteracts oxidative stress in many studies concerning I/R injury.…”

“…Propofol and N-Acetylcysteine (NAC), when separately administrated, exert beneficial effects on reperfusion injury 6,7 . As far as we concerned, no published report linking the antioxidant effect of Propofol and NAC in intestinal I/R procedure was described hitherto.…”