Prophylaxis of varicella in high-risk children: Dose-response effect of zoster immune globulin

Immunoglobulin G3 from Polyclonal Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Immune Globulin Is More Potent than Other Subclasses in Neutralizing HIV Type 1

“…Passive immune globulin therapy has been successfully used to prevent infection with a variety of viruses, including varicella-zoster virus, measles virus, hepatitis A virus, hepatitis B virus, cytomegalovirus, respiratory syncytial virus, and rabies virus (14,15,31,43). Primate studies in vivo have suggested that human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection might be preventable by anti-HIV antibodies (1,2,4,20,36).…”

Congenital varicella syndrome: the evidence for secondary prevention with varicella-zoster immune globulin

“…[7][8][9][10][11][12][13] Varicella-zoster immune globulin neutralizes free virus and is effective even at very low levels in antibodydependent cellular cytotoxicity. 8 McGregor and colleagues, 9 for example, found that 80% of seronegative pregnant women with exposure who received varicella-zoster immune globulin remained symptom-free, whereas 89% of untreated control patients developed clinical illness.…”

“…3 Enders subsequently extended this study with data derived from her Stuttgart site, collected from 1994 to 1999. 11 An additional 11 pregnant women with varicella during pregnancy who had received varicella-zoster immune globulin were followed; none of the babies developed congenital varicella syndrome. By contrast, another 82 patients were followed who contracted varicella during weeks 13-20 but were not given varicella-zoster immune globulin; four instances of congenital varicella syndrome occurred.…”

Postexposure Prophylaxis Against Varicella-Zoster Virus Infection Among Recipients of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant: Unresolved Issues

“…In studies of VZIG prophylaxis, 25% to 45% of treated contacts (including immunocompetent individuals) developed clinically apparent varicella. 35,[44][45][46] In contrast, acyclovir has demonstrated reasonable efficacy as prophylaxis for susceptible individuals exposed to VZV. In one nonrandomized study, varicella developed in 16% of seronegative immunocompetent children treated with acyclovir during the second week after exposure compared with 100% of untreated controls.…”