Prophylaxis of intravenous immunoglobulin and acyclovir in perinatal varicella

Huang, Yhu Chering; Lin, Tzou Yien; Lin, Yi Jane; Lien, Rey In; Chou, Yi‐Hong

doi:10.1007/s004310000640

Cited by 48 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Benefits of vaccination could be derived either through active immunization or passive protection. Passive transfer of specific antibodies has been shown to reduce the severity of viral infections, including Japanese encephalitis infection [21], varicella infection [22] and coxsackievirus infection [23]. We have previously identified a neutralizing linear VP1 epitope, denoted as SP70 within the VP1 capsid protein of EV71 strain 41, which was able to elicit high titers of mouse EV71-neutralizing antibodies against the homologous EV71 strain and five heterologous EV71 strains from subgenogroups B2, B5, C2 and C4 [18].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Passive protection against lethal enterovirus 71 infection in newborn mice by neutralizing antibodies elicited by a synthetic peptide

Foo

Alonso

Chow

et al. 2007

Microbes and Infection

130

111

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Passive protection against lethal enterovirus 71 infection in newborn mice by neutralizing antibodies elicited by a synthetic peptide

Foo

Alonso

Chow

et al. 2007

Microbes and Infection

130

111

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“…Nevertheless, it has been used safely to treat severe herpesvirus infections in this age group, including neonatal varicella and herpes simplex virus infections. [21][22][23] Thus, physicians should consider prompt antiviral therapy for infants with varicella, principally when the mother's varicella immune status is unknown or inexistent.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Varicella in Infants After Implementation of the US Varicella Vaccination Program

et al. 2011

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WHAT'S KNOWN ON THIS SUBJECT:Risk of severe varicella disease in infants might not be uniform throughout the first year of life, because maternal antibodies decline over time. The risk of infant exposure to varicella can be decreased by indirect vaccination (or herd immunity) effects. WHAT THIS STUDY ADDS:Tremendous indirect benefits of the US varicella vaccination program were demonstrated by a 90% decrease in varicella incidence among infants. Clinical disease was milder in younger (0 -5 months) versus older (6 -11 months) infants, possibly because of the presence of maternal antibodies to varicella-zoster virus.abstract OBJECTIVE: To describe varicella disease in infants since implementation of the varicella vaccination program in the United States. PATIENTS AND METHODS:From 1995 to 2008, demographic, clinical, and epidemiologic data on cases of varicella in infants were collected prospectively through a community-based active surveillance project. We examined disease patterns for infants in 2 age groups: 0 to 5 and 6 to 11 months. RESULTS:Infant varicella disease incidence declined 89.7% from 1995 to 2008. Infants aged 0 to 5 months had milder clinical disease than those aged 6 to 11 months: Ն50 lesions, 49% vs 58% (P ϭ .038); fever (body temperature Ͼ 38°C), 12% vs 21% (P ϭ .014); and varicellarelated complications, 6% vs 14% (P ϭ .009), respectively. Age was an independent predictor of the occurrence of complications. CONCLUSIONS:The varicella vaccination program has resulted in substantial indirect benefits for infants, who are not eligible for vaccination. Presence of maternal varicella-zoster virus antibodies might explain attenuated disease in very young infants likely born to mothers with history of varicella. Although varicella disease incidence has declined, exposure to varicella-zoster virus continues to occur. Improving varicella vaccination coverage in all age groups will further reduce the risk of varicella exposure and protect those not eligible for varicella vaccination.

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“…Normal immunoglobulin preparations for intravenous use (IVIG) also provide sufficient amount of antibodies against VZV. Hence, IVIG could be used for the purpose if VZIG is not available [168].…”

Section: Measures In Varicella During the Perinatal Periodmentioning

confidence: 99%

Varicella-Zoster Virus Infections During Pregnancy: Epidemiology, Clinical Symptoms, Diagnosis, Prevention and Therapy

Sauerbrei¹,

Wutzler

2005

CPR

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Varicella belongs to serious infections during pregnancy. After introduction of prevention by vaccination in several countries, there is a particular interest to learn more about the consequences of maternal varicella for the infant. Pregnant women who contract varicella are at risk of severe pneumonia and death. At any stage during pregnancy, chickenpox may cause intrauterine infection by placental transmission of the virus. The consequences for the infant depend on the time of maternal disease. During the first two trimesters, maternal varicella may cause the congenital varicella syndrome which has been reported in about 2%. Maternal infection near term is associated with a substantial risk of neonatal varicella. Serious disseminated infections with visceral involvement may occur in the infant. Aside from epidemiology and clinical consequences, the present paper reviews the current possibilities of diagnosis, prevention and therapy of varicella-zoster virus infections during pregnancy.

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Prophylaxis of intravenous immunoglobulin and acyclovir in perinatal varicella

Abstract: The combination of intravenous immunoglobulin given soon after birth and prophylactic acyclovir intravenously administered 7 days after the onset of maternal rash can effectively prevent perinatal varicella.

Cited by 48 publications

References 15 publications

Passive protection against lethal enterovirus 71 infection in newborn mice by neutralizing antibodies elicited by a synthetic peptide

Passive protection against lethal enterovirus 71 infection in newborn mice by neutralizing antibodies elicited by a synthetic peptide

Varicella in Infants After Implementation of the US Varicella Vaccination Program

Varicella-Zoster Virus Infections During Pregnancy: Epidemiology, Clinical Symptoms, Diagnosis, Prevention and Therapy

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