Prophylaxis against ampicillin-associated diarrhea with a lactobacillus preparation

Gotz, Vincent P.; Romankiewicz, John A.; Moss, Jeffrey; Murray, Henry W.

doi:10.1093/ajhp/36.6.754

Cited by 71 publications

(41 citation statements)

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“…Six studies showed a significant benefit of probiotic treatment compared with placebo (P<0.05) (fig 5). 31 33 34 36 37 39 One study showed benefit for only a subgroup of patients who did not receive non-antibiotic drugs likely to induce diarrhoea, such as magnesium hydroxide (for constipation), lactulose, and bisacodyl (for hepatic encephalopathy) 32…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The other trials in our meta-analysis used different strains of lactobacilli, two trials used two different strains of lactobacilli in combination. 32 35 Wunderlich et al showed that the strain of enterococcus strain SF68 that produced lactic acid was useful 34. In the Orrhage study, a combination of L acidophilus and Bifidobacterium survived in the human gut and reduced the faecal counts of clostridia 36…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Probiotics in prevention of antibiotic associated diarrhoea: meta-analysis

D'Souza

Rajkumar²,

Cooke³

et al. 2002

BMJ

556

266

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Objective To evaluate efficacy of probiotics in prevention and treatment of diarrhoea associated with the use of antibiotics. Design Meta-analysis; outcome data (proportion of patients not getting diarrhoea) were analysed, pooled, and compared to determine odds ratios in treated and control groups. Identification Studies identified by searching Medline between 1966 and 2000 and the Cochrane Library. Studies reviewed Nine randomised, double blind, placebo controlled trials of probiotics. Results Two of the nine studies investigated the effects of probiotics in children. Four trials used a yeast (Saccharomyces boulardii), four used lactobacilli, and one used a strain of enterococcus that produced lactic acid. Three trials used a combination of probiotic strains of bacteria. In all nine trials, the probiotics were given in combination with antibiotics and the control groups received placebo and antibiotics. The odds ratio in favour of active treatment over placebo in preventing diarrhoea associated with antibiotics was 0.39 (95% confidence interval 0.25 to 0.62; P < 0.001) for the yeast and 0.34 (0.19 to 0.61; P < 0.01 for lactobacilli. The combined odds ratio was 0.37 (0.26 to 0.53; P < 0.001) in favour of active treatment over placebo. Conclusions The meta-analysis suggests that probiotics can be used to prevent antibiotic associated diarrhoea and that S boulardii and lactobacilli have the potential to be used in this situation. The efficacy of probiotics in treating antibiotic associated diarrhoea remains to be proved. A further large trial in which probiotics are used as preventive agents should look at the costs of and need for routine use of these agents.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Probiotics in prevention of antibiotic associated diarrhoea: meta-analysis

D'Souza

Rajkumar²,

Cooke³

et al. 2002

BMJ

556

266

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Lactobacilli have been widely used in treating diarrhoeal diseases such as pseudomembranous colitis, but the results have been mixed 15. Feeding freeze dried powders of Lacidophilus NCDO 1748 had no effect on patients with pseudomembranous colitis,16 but lactobacillus GG successfully eradicated Clostridium difficile in five patients with relapsing colitis 17.…”

Section: Probiotics and Gut Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Probiotics and prebiotics: can regulating the activities of intestinal bacteria benefit health?

Macfarlane

Cummings²

1999

BMJ

275

179

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“…The incidence of diarrhea was less in subjects randomized to the probiotic intervention versus placebo D'Souza and associates 12 Hawrelak and coworkers 13 Hawrelak and coworkers 13 Adam and coworkers c, 24 Gotz and associates 25 Surawicz and associates 26 Wunderlich and associates 27 Lewis and associates 28 McFarland and associates 29 Orrhage and associates 30 Creominini and associates b, 31 Armuzzi and associates b,32…”

Section: Meta-analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%