Prophylactic use of a standardized botanical extract for the prevention of naturally occurring diarrhea in newborn Holstein calves

Abstract

The objectives of this study were to evaluate the prophylactic use of SB-300 (Jaguar Animal Health, San Francisco, CA), a standardized botanical extract isolated from the bark latex of Croton lechleri, on reducing fecal water losses and diarrhea events in Holstein bull calves individually housed under a restricted whole-milk feeding regimen (6 L/d) from 1 to 25 d of life. Fluid therapy administration due to dehydration, average weight gain, and the fecal microbiome were also evaluated. Bull calves used in this study were born from normal parturition, fed 4 L of pooled pasteurized colostrum by esophageal feeder, and moved to a research facility at Cornell University (Ithaca, NY). A double-blinded randomized clinical trial was designed to allocate a total of 40 newborn calves into 1 of 2 treatment groups: calves receiving (twice daily) a solution containing 500 mg of SB-300 added to the whole milk for the first 15 d of life (SB-300, n = 20) or a control group receiving sterile water added to whole milk for the same period (CTR, n = 20). Treatment solutions had a total volume of 10 mL per treatment. Data regarding fecal dry matter were collected to precisely measure water content in fecal samples and to define diarrhea events; the SB-300 group had significantly increased fecal dry matter during the study period. Additionally, significantly fewer events of diarrhea were observed for calves in the SB-300 group (16.9%) compared with calves in the CTR group (46.5%). Dehydration status was evaluated and treated accordingly; calves with moderate dehydration were offered oral electrolytes, and calves with severe dehydration were rescued with intravenous fluid therapy. Calves in the SB-300 group had fewer intravenous fluid therapies administered during the study period (1.6%) compared with the CTR group (3.1%). Overall fluid therapy administered (oral electrolytes plus intravenous fluids) was significantly higher for the CTR group (9.2%) compared with the SB-300 group (6.1%) during the study period. No differences in milk consumption, calf starter intake, or weight gain were observed between treatment groups. A single time increase in Bifidobacterium was observed on d 20 of life for the SB-300 group; otherwise, no differences in fecal microbiome profile were detected between treatment groups. These results suggest that 500 mg of SB-300 added to the milk for 15 d can reduce the incidence of diarrhea and reduce severe dehydration in milk-fed calves.

Research Progress of Biological Feed in Beef Cattle

“…Incorporating an appropriate amount of corn silage into cow roughage can significantly enhance feed intake, milk production, and milk protein content [ 9 , 90 , 92 , 93 , 94 ]. Biological feed has the ability to regulate the microflora of ruminant rumen, boost immunity and antioxidant capacity, optimize growth performance, and enhance meat quality; the results are shown in Table 1 [ 54 , 56 , 71 , 95 , 96 , 97 , 98 , 99 , 100 , 101 , 102 , 103 , 104 , 105 ]. Other research has demonstrated that the inclusion of silage in dairy cow diets can enhance their immune function and antioxidant capacity, as well as elevate the levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids present in milk [ 106 ].…”

Efecto antibacteriano de la sangre de drago en cultivos in vitro en cepas bacterianas ATCC

“…Teniendo en su látex rojo sus principios activos, donde podemos recalcar los metabolitos secundarios pertenecientes a diferentes grupos: entre ellos fenoles, terpenoides, alcaloides, leptinas, polepeptidos, siendo uno de ellos la taspina que actúa principalmente en la cicatrización de heridas y poseyendo actividad antiinflamatoria, también tenemos a la proantocianidina SP-303 con su acción antiviral y ciertos compuestos fenólicos como el ácido clorequinico y coberinas A y B, que tienen propiedades antimicrobianas (15,19,23).…”

Cangpu Oral Liquid as a Possible Alternative to Antibiotics for the Control of Undifferentiated Calf Diarrhea

“…Some alternative treatments for diarrhea have been studied recently, including zinc, crofelemer, lactoferrin, cinnamaldehyde, and bacteriophages targeting enteropathogens (13)(14)(15)(16)(17). Ethnoveterinary or Chinese herbal medicine has become a research hotspot in the clinical treatment of diseases such as calf diarrhea due to its characteristics of fewer side effects, low cost, almost no residue, and no drug resistance (18)(19)(20).…”