PROPHYLACTIC POTENCY OF METHANOLIC EXTRACT OF Momordica balsamina L. AGAINST AVIAN PARAMYXOVIRUS-1 INFECTION IN BROILER CHICKENS

Abstract

The potency of Momordica balsamina extract against avian paramyxovirus-1 (Newcastle Disease Virus) (Kudu 113) was investigated in this study. Thirty, 5-week-old broiler birds were used for the experiment and were grouped in a completely randomised design with each group consisting of 5 birds. Group, I was a positive control, and group II was the negative control. The extract was administered prophylactically at doses of 200, 250, 300 and 350 mg/kg bw to groups III to VI respectively. Thereafter, all the groups were challenged with the strain of ND (Kudu 113) virus on seventh week to induce infection. The birds were monitored for 21 days for the symptoms of Newcastle Disease. No hemorrhagic lesion on the liver of all the groups administered with the extract was observed except group III which was administered 200 mg/kg BW of the extract. The mortality rate was 20% in group VI and 40% in group V. The clinical sign score was between 1 and 2 in groups III to VI and there was a significant difference (p<0.05) in the level of cholesterol and Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) in the groups administered with the extract and the positive control (Group I) though there were no significant differences (p>0.05) in the level of Aspartate transaminase (AST). Low levels of serum ALP and Alanine transferase (ALT) were also observed in the groups administered with the various doses of the extract compared to the positive control. The study demonstrated the potency of Momordica balsamina extract against the avian paramyxovirus -1 in the experiment.

Momordica balsamina L.: A Plant with Multiple Therapeutic and Nutritional Potential—A Review

“…For instance, in vitro tests against the growth of Newcastle disease virus on a cell line of chicken embryo fibroblast (CEF) using aqueous extracts of fruit pulp and leaves have shown promising potential in the management of Newcastle disease [50]. Ampitan et al (2023) [51] demonstrated the in vivo efficacy of M. balsamina extract against avian paramyxovirus-1 infection in broilers. These results indicate that the plant can prevent the virus from attaching to host cells, thus confirming its antiviral potential against this virus [50].…”

<em>Momordica balsamina</em> L.: A Plant with Multiple Therapeutic and Nutritional Potential. A Review

“…Kgopa et al (2020) [26], uncovered that both the relatively non-polar extracts from Momordica balsamina fruits, such as hexane and ethyl acetate extracts, have the ability to increase glucose uptake by RIN-m5F β-cells, and this effect is dependent on the dosage of the extract. Ampitan et al ( 2023) [27], demonstrated the effectiveness of Momordica balsamina extract against avian paramyxovirus-1 infection in broiler chickens.…”