Prophylactic effects of Orthosiphon stamineus Benth. extracts on experimental induction of calcium oxalate nephrolithiasis in rats

In vitrostudy of aqueous leaf extract ofChenopodium albumfor inhibition of calcium oxalate and brushite crystallization

“…Literature of the previous studies is silent on the exact mechanism involved in the inhibition of in-vitro crystallization and stated that the extracts contained some chemical components that inhibited the crystallization. There are reports that flavonoids inhibit calcium oxalate crystallization in human urine as well as in animal models [28] and crystal deposition [29]. Saponins showed anti-crystallization properties by disaggregating the suspension of mucoproteins, the promoters of crystallization [30].…”

Urinary metabonomics elucidate the therapeutic mechanism of Orthosiphon stamineus in mouse crystal-induced kidney injury

“…Previous studies have demonstrated OS could alleviate renal calcium oxalate deposition and urinary calcium excretion in an oxalatestone-forming rat model (Akanae et al, 2010;Zhong et al, 2012); however, no studies have been performed systematically to evaluate the anti-urolithiasis effect and mechanism of OS.…”

Evaluation of hydro-alcoholic extract of Dolichos biflorus seeds on inhibition of calcium oxalate crystallization

“…The major phytoconstituents present in D. biflorus seeds are flavonoids, phytosterols including β-sitosterol, saponins, phyto-haemagglutinin, β-N-acetylglucosaminidase, α and β galactosidases, α mannosides and β glucosides (Khare, 2003). Flavonoids have been reported to inhibit CaC 2 O 4 crystallization in human urine as well as in animal models (Zhong et al, 2012). Diosmin, another flavonoid, has also been reported to inhibit CaC 2 O 4 crystal deposition (Noorafshan et al, 2013).…”