Prophylactic Effects of Bifidobacterium adolescentis on Anxiety and Depression-Like Phenotypes After Chronic Stress: A Role of the Gut Microbiota-Inflammation Axis

Abstract

Stress disturbs the balance of the gut microbiota and stimulates inflammation-to-brain mechanisms. Moreover, stress leads to anxiety and depressive disorders. Bifidobacterium adolescentis displays distinct anti-inflammatory effects. However, no report has focused on the anxiolytic and antidepressant effects of B. adolescentis related to the gut microbiome and the inflammation on chronic restraint stress (CRS) in mice. We found that pretreatment with B. adolescentis increased the time spent in the center of the open field apparatus, increased the percentage of entries into the open arms of the elevated plus-maze (EPM) and the percentage of time spent in the open arms of the EPM, and decreased the immobility duration in the tail suspension test as well as the forced swimming test (FST). Moreover, B. adolescentis increased the sequence proportion of Lactobacillus and reduced the sequence proportion of Bacteroides in feces. Furthermore, B. adolescentis markedly reduced the protein expression of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), p-nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) p65 and Iba1 and elevated brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression in the hippocampus. We conclude that the anxiolytic and antidepressant effects of B. adolescentis are related to reducing inflammatory cytokines and rebalancing the gut microbiota.

Ingestion of Gouda Cheese Ameliorates the Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress in Mice

“…Whereas, the previous increase in Bacteroidetes of CUMS group was reduced to 16.39%, by Holstein cheese. This finding corroborates previous reports wherein, Bacteroidetes concentration was marked to decrease due to depression and was increased by Bifidobacterium adolescentis (Guo et al, 2019). However, no significant difference in the microbial community composition of the 3 groups including NC, CUMS, and CUMS+HC; was noted at phylum level.…”

“…revealed that it might be associated with many diseases (Daskalopoulou et al, 2016;Lotfaliany et al, 2018;Milaneschi et al, 2019). Additionally, recent evidence suggests gut microbiota to be involved in inflammation, brain development, and behavior (Guo et al, 2019;Li et al, 2019). Therefore, in order to develop an effective therapeutic strategy, we focused on developing the food sources including functional and nutritional supplement that could alter stress induced behaviors and gut microbiota.…”

“…Recent studies have reported acute and chronic stress to be associated with gut microbiota (Guo et al, 2019;Li et al, 2019;Marin et al, 2017). Li et al (2019) have reported that mice receiving the fecal microbiota of depression-induced mice, exhibited similar behavior against depression.…”

Microbiological Modification Therapy For Acute Medical Presentations Of Generalised Anxiety Disorder

“…When compared to the tricyclic antidepressant, amitriptyline B. adolescentis generated better behavioural, neuroprotective and inflammatory responses than standard treatment [31]. B.longum and L.helveticus have similar effects on mice when compared to diazepam [32].…”

Gene–disease association study of tumor necrosis factor‐α G‐308A gene polymorphism with risk of major depressive disorder: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

“…The evidences from clinical studies have widely demonstrated aberrant inflammation profiles of MDD patients in either central neural system (CNS) or peripheral tissues (Zunszain, Hepgul, & Pariante, 2013). Additionally, proinflammatory cytokines have shown the influence of pathogenesis of depression and antidepressant therapies, such as neurotransmitter metabolism, neuroendocrine function, and regional brain activity (Carlier et al, 2019; Guo et al, 2019; Leonard & Wegener, 2019). Therefore, chronic low‐grade activation of inflammation and the immune system is likely to be served as a risk factor for the occurrence of depression (Mattina, Van Lieshout, & Steiner, 2019; Sonsin‐Diaz et al, 2019; Yin et al, 2019).…”