Prophylactic Catechin-Rich Green Tea Extract Treatment Ameliorates Pathogenic Enterotoxic Escherichia coli-Induced Colitis

Abstract

In this study, we explored the potential beneficial effects of green tea extract (GTE) in a pathogenic Escherichia coli (F18:LT:STa:Stx2e)-induced colitis model. The GTE was standardized with catechin and epigallocatechin-3-gallate content using chromatography analysis. Ten consecutive days of GTE (500 and 1000 mg/kg) oral administration was followed by 3 days of a pathogenic E. coli challenge (1 × 109 CFU/mL). In vitro antibacterial analysis showed that GTE successfully inhibited the growth of pathogenic E. coli, demonstrating over a 3-fold reduction under time- and concentration-dependent conditions. The in vivo antibacterial effect of GTE was confirmed, with an inhibition rate of approximately 90% when compared to that of the E. coli alone group. GTE treatment improved pathogenic E. coli-induced intestinal injury with well-preserved epithelial linings and villi. In addition, the increased expression of annexin A1 in GTE-treated jejunum tissue was detected, which was accompanied by suppressed inflammation-related signal expression, including TNFA, COX-2, and iNOS. Moreover, proliferation-related signals such as PCNA, CD44, and Ki-67 were enhanced in the GTE group compared to those in the E. coli alone group. Taken together, these results indicate that GTE has an antibacterial activity against pathogenic E. coli and ameliorates pathogenic E. coli-induced intestinal damage by modulating inflammation and epithelial cell proliferation.

Natural flavones from edible and medicinal plants exhibit enormous potential to treat ulcerative colitis

“…The elevated endotoxin generated by Proteobacteria may cause damage to the gut’s penetrability, resulting in adhesion and invasion of gut epithelia cells, destruction of the host’s defenses, excitation of the inflammatory reaction, alterations in the composition of intestinal microflora, and eventually facilitating the occurrence of colitis ( Jang et al, 2019 ). Moreover, Enterobacteriaceae , facultative anaerobic bacteria, are associated with the pathogenesis of colitis through aggravating intestinal inflammation and barrier injury ( Kim et al, 2021 ; Qin et al, 2021 ). Escherichia-Shigella , gram-negative bacteria with an outer LPS membrane, can intrude into the colon epithelia and cause intestinal inflammation ( Dai et al, 2021 ).…”

Green tea extract ameliorates macrophage‐driven emphysematous lesions in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease induced by cigarette smoke condensate

“…GTE used in this study was prepared and analyzed as described in a previous study (Kim et al, 2021). In brief, 1.2 kg of green tea powder was extracted with 12 L of 70% ethanol for 24 hr.…”

“…After 3 times of extraction, the extracts were concentrated and the extraction yield was about 32%. The marker compound analysis was done by using HPLC coupled with ultraviolet detector (1,260 Infinity II LC System, Agilent, Palo Alto) at wavelength of 280 nm based on our previous method (Kim et al, 2021). The present GTE powder found to contain 70 mg/g of epigallocatechin, 360 mg/g of catechin, and 219 mg/g of EGCG.…”

“…These beneficial effects of green tea are due to the presence of major catechins contained in green tea such as epigallocatechin, catechin, epigallocatechin gallate, and epigallocatechin‐3‐gallate (EGCG) (Musial, Kuban‐Jankowska, & Gorska‐Ponikowska, 2020). Extensive research has shown that it possesses antioxidant, anti‐carcinogenic, and antimicrobial properties (Kim et al, 2021; Miyata, Shida, Hakariya, & Sakai, 2019). Furthermore, Choi, Bae, Song, and Kim (2014) reported that mucus production, mucin 5 B expression, and MMP‐9 expression were significantly decreased in mice in EGCG‐treated group compared to those in asthma group.…”

A pharmacodynamic investigation to assess the synergism of orbifloxacin and propyl gallate against Escherichia coli

“…E. coli ( E. coli -KVCC-BA 0001423, E. coli -KVCC-BK 0000543, E. coli -KVCC-BA 1400306) were obtained from the National Veterinary Research and Quarantine Service (Gimcheon, Korea) ( Kim et al, 2021 ). Escherichia coli ATCC 35218 was used as a quality control strain.…”