Propetamphos resistance in Rhipicephalus bursa (Acari, Ixodidae)

Enayati, Ahmadali; Asgarian, Fatemeh; Sharif, Mehdi; Boujhmehrani, H.; Amouei, Afsaneh; Vahedi, Nasr Ol-Lah; Boudaghi, B.; Piazak, N; Hemingway, Janet

doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2009.02.005

Cited by 20 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Initial synergism experiments suggested that target-site resistance was involved in many cases. While no mutation could be detected in domain II of the sodium channel (where most "kdr" resistant mutations occur in several insect species), the F1538I mutation (M. domestica numbering) in domain III segment 6 (IIIS6) was found to be highly associated with resistance in many studies Enayati et al, 2009;RosarioCruz et al, 2009b) (Fig. 2).…”

Section: Resistance To Pyrethroidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Table 1 Top 10 resistant arthropods, based on the number of unique active ingredients for which resistance has been reported and the number of cases reported (Whalon et al, 2008). Recently, the occurrence of resistant populations of these species has been reported (Miller et al, 2001;Auger et al, 2003;Aiki et al, 2005;Enayati et al, 2009;Stavrinides et al, 2010;Van Leeuwen et al, 2010), however, in very few cases attempts were made to study the resistance mechanism.…”

Section: Other Important Acarimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the absence of the F1538I mutation in two resistant strains with high esterase activity also suggests a role of detoxifying enzymes in R. microplus resistance to pyrethroids (Jamroz et al, 2000). A point mutation of a specific esterase gene was found to correlate with resistance and this was supported by an increased permethrin hydrolysis in resistant tick homogenates (Hernandez et al, 2000(Hernandez et al, , 2002Enayati et al, 2009). A PCR-RFLP method was developed to identify the presence of this mutation and revealed an increased frequency in the resistant strain.…”

Section: Resistance To Pyrethroidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Acaricide resistance mechanisms in the two-spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae and other important Acari: A review

Leeuwen

Vontas

Tsagkarakou

et al. 2010

Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

707

468

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The two-spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae Koch is one of the economically most important pests in a wide range of outdoor and protected crops worldwide. Its control has been and still is largely based on the use of insecticides and acaricides. However, due to its short life cycle, abundant progeny and arrhenotokous reproduction, it is able to develop resistance to these compounds very rapidly. As a consequence, it has the dubious reputation to be the"most resistant species" in terms of the total number of pesticides to which populations have become resistant, and its control has become problematic in many areas worldwide. Insecticide and acaricide resistance has also been reported in the ectoparasite Sarcoptes scabiei, the causative organism of scabies, and other economically important Acari, such as the Southern cattle tick Rhipicephalus microplus, one of the biggest arthropod threats to livestock, and the parasitic mite Varroa destructor, a major economic burden for beekeepers worldwide. Although resistance research in Acari has not kept pace with that in insects, a number of studies on the molecular mechanisms responsible for the resistant phenotype has been conducted recently. In this review, state-of-the-art information on T. urticae resistance, supplemented with data on other important Acari has been brought together. Considerable attention is given to the underlying resistance mechanisms that have been elucidated at the molecular level. The incidence of bifenazate resistance in T. urticae is expanded as an insecticide resistance evolutionary paradigm in arthropods.

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Section: Resistance To Pyrethroidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Other Important Acarimentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resistance To Pyrethroidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Acaricide resistance mechanisms in the two-spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae and other important Acari: A review

Leeuwen

Vontas

Tsagkarakou

et al. 2010

Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

707

468

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“…The chosen target gene was a glutathione S-transferase of the mu class. GSTs were selected for study as they have been implicated in acaricide resistance in ticks [11,12] and scabies mites [13,14] and were readily amenable to activity assays to assess the effect of gene knockdown at the translational step.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gene-knockdown in the honey bee mite Varroa destructor by a non-invasive approach: studies on a glutathione S-transferase

2010

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BackgroundThe parasitic mite Varroa destructor is considered the major pest of the European honey bee (Apis mellifera) and responsible for declines in honey bee populations worldwide. Exploiting the full potential of gene sequences becoming available for V. destructor requires adaptation of modern molecular biology approaches to this non-model organism. Using a mu-class glutathione S-transferase (VdGST-mu1) as a candidate gene we investigated the feasibility of gene knockdown in V. destructor by double-stranded RNA-interference (dsRNAi).ResultsIntra-haemocoelic injection of dsRNA-VdGST-mu1 resulted in 97% reduction in VdGST-mu1 transcript levels 48 h post-injection compared to mites injected with a bolus of irrelevant dsRNA (LacZ). This gene suppression was maintained to, at least, 72 h. Total GST catalytic activity was reduced by 54% in VdGST-mu1 gene knockdown mites demonstrating the knockdown was effective at the translation step as well as the transcription steps. Although near total gene knockdown was achieved by intra-haemocoelic injection, only half of such treated mites survived this traumatic method of dsRNA administration and less invasive methods were assessed. V. destructor immersed overnight in 0.9% NaCl solution containing dsRNA exhibited excellent reduction in VdGST-mu1 transcript levels (87% compared to mites immersed in dsRNA-LacZ). Importantly, mites undergoing the immersion approach had greatly improved survival (75-80%) over 72 h, approaching that of mites not undergoing any treatment.ConclusionsOur findings on V. destructor are the first report of gene knockdown in any mite species and demonstrate that the small size of such organisms is not a major impediment to applying gene knockdown approaches to the study of such parasitic pests. The immersion in dsRNA solution method provides an easy, inexpensive, relatively high throughput method of gene silencing suitable for studies in V. destructor, other small mites and immature stages of ticks.

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“…Later, phylogenetic analyses of insect GST genes showed that it can be broadly classified into different classes, viz., sigma, delta, and epsilon, and majority of the remaining cytosolic insect GSTs are members of the zeta, theta, and omega classes [40][41][42]. Specifically, GSTs have been shown their potential in developing insecticide resistance in B. tabaci [5], ticks [43,44], mites [45], etc. In this study, we sequenced BtGST and showed that it is phylogenetically more closely related to sigma class (insect class II) and more divergent from other classes of GSTs such as mu, epsilon, delta, zeta, and theta (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-Invasive Delivery of dsGST Is Lethal to the Sweet Potato Whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (G.) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae)

Asokan

Rebijith

Roopa

et al. 2014

Appl Biochem Biotechnol

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The sweet potato whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (G.) biotype B (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), is one of the most economically important pest, by being a dreaded vector of Geminiviruses, and also causes direct damage to the crops by sucking phloem sap. Glutathione S-transferase (GST) is a large family of multifunctional enzymes that play pivotal roles in the detoxification of secondary allelochemical produced by the host plants and in insecticide resistance, thus regulates insect growth and development. The objective of this study is to show the potential of RNA interference (RNAi) in the management of B. tabaci. RNAi is a sequence-specific gene silencing mechanism induced by double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) which holds tremendous potential in pest management. In this regard, we sequenced the GST from B. tabaci and synthesized approximately 500-bp dsRNA from the above and delivered through diet to B. tabaci. Real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) showed that continuous application of dsGST at 1.0, 0.5, and 0.25 μg/μl reduced mRNA expression levels for BtGST by 77.43, 64.86, and 52.95 % which resulted in mortality by 77, 59, and 40 %, respectively, after 72 h of application. Disruption of BtGST expression will enable the development of novel strategies in pest management and functional analysis of vital genes in B. tabaci.

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Propetamphos resistance in Rhipicephalus bursa (Acari, Ixodidae)

Cited by 20 publications

References 26 publications

Acaricide resistance mechanisms in the two-spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae and other important Acari: A review

Acaricide resistance mechanisms in the two-spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae and other important Acari: A review

Gene-knockdown in the honey bee mite Varroa destructor by a non-invasive approach: studies on a glutathione S-transferase

Non-Invasive Delivery of dsGST Is Lethal to the Sweet Potato Whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (G.) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae)

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