Property rights and the protection of global marine resources

Englander, Gabriel

doi:10.1038/s41893-019-0389-9

Cited by 33 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 30 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

Section: Eez Effect On Total Catchsupporting

confidence: 70%

“…In the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands and Pitcairn, this resulted in a radical reduction of catches, while in New Caledonia, this resulted in a replacement of foreign catches by local catches. This confirms that establishing clear property rights of fisheries resources through EEZs allows effective governance of fisheries [60]. In the Northwest Islands of Hawaii and Pitcairn Islands, the annual catch gradually grew since the 1950s until it dropped by 91% in 1983 in Hawaii and by 94% in 1996 in the Pitcairn Islands.…”

Section: Eez Effect On Total Catchsupporting

confidence: 59%

“…Under Article 56 of UNCLOS, coastal states have an exclusive right to exploit or conserve both living resources, such as fish, and non-living resources, such as oil and natural gas within this zone. Article 56 also mentions explicitly the possibility of establishing MPAs [60].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Comparing the Performance of Four Very Large Marine Protected Areas with Different Levels of Protection

2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In the last decades, several targets for marine conservation were set to counter the effects of increasing fishing pressure, e.g., protecting 10% of the sea by 2020, and establishing large-scale marine protected areas (LSMPAs). Using the ‘reconstructed’ catch data for 1950 to 2018 made available by the Sea Around Us initiative, we show that the declaration of an exclusive economic zone (EEZ) in 1983 by the U.S.A. and its protection by the U.S. Coast Guard had a much bigger impact on catches around the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands than the subsequent creation of a LSMPA. This is similar to Pitcairn Islands, a UK territory. Trends differed sharply in the Galapagos and New Caledonia, where neither their EEZ declaration nor the LSMPA (by Ecuador in 1988 and by France in 2014) stopped local fisheries from continuous expansion. Our results also demonstrate that in the studied multizone LSMPAs continued local fishing induces a ‘fishing down’ effect wherein the mean trophic level (TL) declined, especially in the Galapagos, by 0.1 TL per decade. Stakeholders’ responses to a short questionnaire and satellite imagery lent support to these results in that they documented substantial fishing operations and ‘fishing the line’ within and around multizone LSMPAs. In the case of EEZs around less populated or unpopulated islands, banning foreign fishing may reduce catch much more than a subsequent LSMPA declaration. This confirms that EEZs are a tool for coastal countries to protect their marine biodiversity and that allowing fishing in an MPA, while politically convenient, may result in ‘paper parks’ within which fishing can cause the same deleterious effects as in wholly unprotected areas.

show abstract

Section: Eez Effect On Total Catchsupporting

confidence: 70%

Section: Eez Effect On Total Catchsupporting

confidence: 59%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Comparing the Performance of Four Very Large Marine Protected Areas with Different Levels of Protection

2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Theory and empirical evidence have shown that fisheries targeting resources that straddle political boundaries complicate fisheries management and potentially reduce the effectiveness of policies to achieve their stated objectives 8 , 9 . For instance, climate-driven changes in species distributions have led to conflicts between nations, driven, at least partly, by changes in the proportion of captures 8 , quota allocation, and fishery newcomers 10 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The transboundary nature of the world’s exploited marine species

Palacios‐Abrantes

Reygondeau

Wabnitz

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Regulatory boundaries and species distributions often do not align. This is especially the case for marine species crossing multiple Exclusive Economic Zones (EEZs). Such movements represent a challenge for fisheries management, as policies tend to focus at the national level, yet international collaborations are needed to maximize long-term ecological, social and economic benefits of shared marine species. Here, we combined species distributions and the spatial delineation of EEZs at the global level to identify the number of commercially exploited marine species that are shared between neighboring nations. We found that 67% of the species analyzed are transboundary (n = 633). Between 2005 and 2014, fisheries targeting these species within global-EEZs caught on average 48 million tonnes per year, equivalent to an average of USD 77 billion in annual fishing revenue. For select countries, over 90% of their catch and economic benefits were attributable to a few shared resources. Our analysis suggests that catches from transboundary species are declining more than those from non-transboundary species. Our study has direct implications for managing fisheries targeting transboundary species, highlighting the need for strengthened effective and equitable international cooperation.

show abstract

“…With the development of marine research, a variety of undersea detectors and robots have been designed to meet the demand of the undersea resource development, [1,2] submarine fiber optic cable laying, [3] and undersea detection. At present, the undersea detectors and robots almost depend on batteries to supply energy for their regular operation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bionic‐Fin‐Structured Triboelectric Nanogenerators for Undersea Energy Harvesting

Zhang

Zhao

et al. 2020

Adv Materials Technologies

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In situ harvesting undersea energy is a vital method for undersea detector to realize its long‐term and real‐time undersea research. Herein, inspired by the fins with excellent hydrodynamic characteristic and the triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) with the merits of light‐weight and high‐efficiency at low frequency, an energy harvesting device is designed to harvest undersea energy by bionic‐fin‐structure assisted with multilayer‐structured triboelectric nanogenerator (BFM‐TENG). The good design of geometry and structure enable BFM‐TENG to harvest energy efficiently by the driving of water‐flow from multidirections. Besides, based on the multiarea contact structure and ultrathin dielectric material, the BFM‐TENG could achieve a peak power density of 444 W m−3 under ideal test condition, which is about 1–2 orders of magnitude higher than that of previous work for harvesting wave energy. The findings not only provide a new in situ undersea energy harvesting method for undersea detectors to realize the real‐time, long‐term, and self‐powered undersea research, but also provide a potential strategy to achieve large‐scale undersea energy harvesting.

show abstract

Property rights and the protection of global marine resources

Cited by 33 publications

References 30 publications

Comparing the Performance of Four Very Large Marine Protected Areas with Different Levels of Protection

Comparing the Performance of Four Very Large Marine Protected Areas with Different Levels of Protection

The transboundary nature of the world’s exploited marine species

Bionic‐Fin‐Structured Triboelectric Nanogenerators for Undersea Energy Harvesting

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About