Property of a CZT Semiconductor Detector for Radionuclide Identification

Chun, Sung-Dae; Park, Se-Hwan; Lee, Dong Hoon; Kim, Yong Kyun; Ha, Jang Ho; Kang, Sang Mook; Cho, Yun Ho; Hong, Duk-Geun; Kim, Jong Kyung

doi:10.1080/00223131.2008.10875879

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…5. CZT has demonstrated excellent energy resolutions of 2.56 % at 276 keV and 1.96 % at 383 keV [45]. We choose 6.5% FWHM at 122 keV, a typical value provided by vendors like Redlen Technologies, to model our detector's energy response.…”

Section: ) Energy Resolutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Compton and Proximity Imaging of Ac In Vivo With a CZT Gamma Camera: A Proof of Principle With Simulations

Caravaca¹,

Huh²,

Gullberg³

et al. 2022

IEEE Trans. Radiat. Plasma Med. Sci.

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In vivo imaging of 225 Ac is a major challenge in the development of targeted alpha therapy radiopharmaceuticals due to the extremely low injected doses. In this article, we present the design of a multimodality gamma camera that integrates both proximity and Compton imaging in order to achieve the demanding sensitivities required to image 225 Ac with good image quality. We consider a dual-head camera, each of the heads consisting of two planar cadmium zinc telluride detectors acting as scatterer and absorber for Compton imaging, and with the scatterer practically in contact with the subject to allow for proximity imaging. We optimize the detector's design and characterize the detector's performance using Monte Carlo simulations. We show that Compton imaging can resolve features of up to 1.5 mm for hot-rod phantoms with an activity of 1 µCi, and can reconstruct 3-D images of a mouse injected with 0.5 µCi after a 15-min exposure and with a single bed position, for both 221 Fr and 213 Bi. Proximity imaging is able to resolve two 1 mm-radius sources of less than 0.1 µCi separated by 1 cm and at 1 mm from the detector, as well as it can provide planar images of 221 Fr and 213 Bi biodistributions of the mouse phantom in 5 min.

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Section: ) Energy Resolutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The modeled energy resolution (6.5% at 122 keV) is considered a conservative value since it is guaranteed by commercial CZT manufacturers (e.g., Redlen Technologies) and it has been largely improved in recent CZT systems [45], [54].…”

Section: Detector Modeling Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compton and Proximity Imaging of Ac In Vivo With a CZT Gamma Camera: A Proof of Principle With Simulations

Caravaca¹,

Huh²,

Gullberg³

et al. 2022

IEEE Trans. Radiat. Plasma Med. Sci.

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“…Additionally, CZT offers better achievable energy resolution in existing fabrication processes. The best achievable energy resolution at 122 keV ranges from 2.84% to 3.27% for CZT [29], considering manufacturing constraints, we opted for a simulated energy resolution of 3.1% full width half maximum (FWHM) at 218 keV. In addition to the choice of detector material, energy resolution and detector surface, the following parameters were optimized in the system design to achieve optimal resolution and relatively high sensitivity.…”

Section: B Detector Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

First Investigation of List mode MLEM Reconstruction for Fast DC-SPECT System Design Optimization

Feng

Blackberg

Fakhri

et al. 2021

2021 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC)

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In this study, we introduce a collimator less SPECT system for dynamic whole-body imaging, which enables multienergy gamma photon detection with higher efficiency compared to mechanically collimated SPECT. The system consists of two detectors, one movable and one fixed, providing a field of view (FOV) adequate for whole-body imaging, while achieving high sensitivity and clinically usable imaging resolution within a reasonable scanning time. This work focuses on the system design using the Monte Carlo simulation toolkit Gate 9.2. The imaging performance is evaluated at two energy peaks (440 keV, 218 keV), representing the major detectable gamma energies generated from Actinium-225, one of the radionuclides under investigation for targeted alpha therapy (TAT). We intend to use the collimator-less system for treatment response monitoring in TAT. Results demonstrate a system resolution of 1.0 cm with a sensitivity of 0.50% for whole-body imaging as measured using a Derenzo-type phantom in the simulation. This demonstrates that the proposed system may serve as an alternative imaging tool for rapid scanning in clinical settings.

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“…Most CZT crystals are commerqcially advertised smaller than 10 mm × 10 mm × 10 mm, with Kromek commercially advertising 5 mm × 5 mm × 5 mm crystals or a 10 mm × 10 mm × 10 mm complete detection system, which includes the CZT crystal, housing, 2022 JINST 17 P05026 and preamplifier. The smaller crystal size limits the detection efficiency and available energy range where the energy range is between 11.6 and 662 keV for the gamma spectrometer grade crystals and 11.6 to 1 MeV for the detection systems [7,9,10]. The resolution of CZT detectors is generally less than 2 % FWHM at 662 keV [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developing a basis for heavy metal in-situ detection using CZT

Foley¹,

Mohanty²,

Sjoden³

2022

J. Inst.

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Heavy metal contamination is a global concern–this type of contamination in the environment has been on the rise since the industrial age. Current guidelines from the United States Environmental Protection Agency and the World Health Organization limit arsenic concentration in water sources to 10 μg/kg. Typically, detection of heavy metals in industrial processes include spectrophotometry and colorimetry. A viable alternative for heavy metal detection can be implemented using a room temperature gamma spectrometer paired with a portable neutron generator for in-situ neutron activation analysis. In this paper, we explore detection of an arsenic salt diluted in a water sample to specific concentrations; the arsenic sample is utilized to determine the capability of a 5 mm × 5 mm × 5 mm CZT detector for heavy metal detection by neutron activation analysis. Several arsenic dilutions were irradiated in the University of Utah TRIGA reactor (UUTR), and the samples were measured on both HPGe and CZT detectors. The direct comparator method was used to determine the sample mass in a sample attributed by each detector, and the results were compared to the known dilution arsenic mass. We determined that a CZT gamma spectrometer can reliably detect 10 mg/kg arsenic with high confidence, and as low as 1 mg/kg arsenic with low confidence. For comparison, an HPGe gamma spectrometer can reliably detect 1 mg/kg arsenic with high confidence, and as low as 0.1 mg/kg with low confidence. Based upon our MDA, the CZT spectrometer can detect samples with a total activity of 1.8×10-5 mCi and higher, and the HPGe detector can detect an activity of 1.8×10-6 mCi. These results suggest the method has potential in portable gamma spectrometry solutions for wastewater effluents from industrial processes such as paint manufacturing, pharmaceutical, and smelting operations.

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Property of a CZT Semiconductor Detector for Radionuclide Identification

Cited by 7 publications

References 6 publications

Compton and Proximity Imaging of Ac In Vivo With a CZT Gamma Camera: A Proof of Principle With Simulations

Compton and Proximity Imaging of Ac In Vivo With a CZT Gamma Camera: A Proof of Principle With Simulations

First Investigation of List mode MLEM Reconstruction for Fast DC-SPECT System Design Optimization

Developing a basis for heavy metal in-situ detection using CZT

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