Properties, performance, and applications of biofuel blends: a review

Al-Mashhadani, Husam A.M.; Fernando, Sandun

doi:10.3934/energy.2017.4.735

Cited by 27 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…The biodiesel industry has gained prominence over traditional fossil fuel-based diesel industry, hence much of the current research involves searching for ways to utilize the by-products; biomass and crude glycerol. Properties of biodiesel such as lubricity, high flash point, close heat combustion, viscosity, limited exhaust emissions and superior cetane number make it more attractive ( Al-Mashhadani and Fernando, 2013 ; Kulkarni et al., 2020 ). With the rapidly expanding biodiesel industry, a glut of crude glycerol (approximately 10%) is also being generated, resulting in the drastic reduction of fuel yield ( Alhanash et al., 2007 ; Adhikari et al., 2009 ; Calvino-Casilda et al., 2014 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acetalization of glycerol and benzaldehyde to synthesize biofuel additives using SO42-/CeO2–ZrO2 catalyst

Kulkarni¹,

Arvind²

2021

Heliyon

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Synthesis of 1,3-dioxane and 1,3-dioxolane, using sulfated CeO 2 -ZrO 2 catalyst for acetalization of glycerol with benzaldehyde, is the focus of present work. SO 4 2-/CeO 2 -ZrO 2 catalyst was synthesized using combustion method. Experiments were carried out to analyze the effect of various solvents (n-hexane, toluene, tert-butyl alcohol, pentanol), molar ratios (1:3, 1:5, 1:7), catalyst loadings (3 wt%, 5 wt%, 9 wt %) and temperatures (80 C, 90 C, 100 C) on glycerol conversion and selectivity of the products. Selectivity of 87.20% dioxolane and 12.80% dioxane was obtained at molar ratio of 1:3, 9 wt% catalyst loading and temperature of 100 C.Strong NH 3 desorption peak from NH 3 -TPD study indicated the high acidic strength of sulphated catalyst. Strong surface acidity and surface porosity (observed from TEM and SEM analysis) contributed to an enhanced activity of the catalyst for glycerol acetalization reaction. The kinetics of the reaction was studied using an elementary kinetic law. A correlation coefficient of 0.98 from the selected kinetic model proved that the rate of acetalization reaction was dependent on glycerol concentration and acetal formation was instantaneous. The study demonstrated the application of an environmentally benign, inexpensive, thermally stable, active SO 4 2-/CeO 2 -ZrO 2 catalyst for glycerol acetalization reaction to synthesize 1,3-dioxolane as the desired product.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acetalization of glycerol and benzaldehyde to synthesize biofuel additives using SO42-/CeO2–ZrO2 catalyst

Kulkarni¹,

Arvind²

2021

Heliyon

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“…Os valores de torque e potência obtidos para o B20 são ligeiramente diferentes do B08. Resultado que corrobora com os estudos de Al-Mashhadani [12]. A razão para maior torque produzido pelo B08 pode ser devido à menor densidade e viscosidade em comparação com outras proporções de mistura de biodiesel, o que corrobora com os resultados encontrados por Ghazali [13].…”

Section: Avaliação De Desempenho Com Misturas Combustíveisunclassified

Logística Reversa Como Instrumento Da Gestão Das Cadeias De Suprimento Sustentáveis – Revendo a Literatura

Handro¹,

Passos²

2019

Ciência, Tecnologia E Inovação: Desafio Para Um Mundo Global

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“…Among the biodegradable fuels, biodiesel is most desirable due to its easy preparation methods, raw materials availability, eco-friendly nature, minimization of toxic emissions, less process hazards and minimization or no byproducts [8][9][10] . It has also the capability to reduce significantly the exhaust emissions like hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide and particulate matters at any ratios of blends with diesel fuel 11,12 . So blending of diesel fuel with biodiesel is a good option to save our environment in a significant way along with the reduction of dependency on fossil fuels in our lives.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other researchers also studied different properties of biodiesel for the blending purposes with diesel fuel [18][19][20][21][22] . Analysis of properties of biodieseldiesel blends have also been studied by many other researchers and academicians [23][24][25][26] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies on Physico-chemical Properties of Waste Cooking Oil Biodiesel-Diesel Blends in Different Ratios

2020

jcbsc

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Biodiesel prepared from waste cooking oil (WCO) is blended with diesel fuel for a comparative studies based on certain physico-chemical properties. Initially, biodiesel from WCO has been prepared with 6:1 molar ratio of alcohol to WCO at 60 0 C temperature in the presence of 8% (w/w) enzyme Novozyme 435 (Candida antarctica), an immobilized nonspecific lipase for 8 hrs of reaction maintaining 600 rpm of mixing intensity. After that, blending of diesel fuel with waste cooking oil biodiesel (WCOB) has been done separately in definite proportions. WCOB has been added in volume percentages of 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80% and 90% in diesel fuel. The blending was done by slow mixing with constant smooth stirring. The physico-chemical properties like density, kinematic viscosity, flash point and cloud point of different blends of WCOB-diesel have been analysed and good outcomes have been observed. Results showed that blended fuels are good ways for reducing the substantial usage of fossil fuels along with better environmental sustainability for the future world.

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Properties, performance, and applications of biofuel blends: a review

Cited by 27 publications

References 63 publications

Acetalization of glycerol and benzaldehyde to synthesize biofuel additives using SO42-/CeO2–ZrO2 catalyst

Acetalization of glycerol and benzaldehyde to synthesize biofuel additives using SO42-/CeO2–ZrO2 catalyst

Logística Reversa Como Instrumento Da Gestão Das Cadeias De Suprimento Sustentáveis – Revendo a Literatura

Studies on Physico-chemical Properties of Waste Cooking Oil Biodiesel-Diesel Blends in Different Ratios

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