Properties of W/O Emulsions Stabilized with Acylglycerol Emulsifiers Modified with Zinc Carboxylates

̧g, Halina Szela; Macierzanka, Adam; Pawłowicz, Roman

doi:10.1081/dis-120030664

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The interaction of lipophilic MAG and hydrophilic Na/K soaps determines the formation of emulsifiers of O/W type, , whereas, for acylglycerol emulsifiers modified with hydrophobic ZnC, one expects lipophilic character of the obtained preparations. As was mentioned above, the formation of W/O emulsions with these emulsifiers was demonstrated in our recent reports. − …”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 61%

“…Thus, conducting the esterifications in the presence of ZnC makes it possible to synthesize acylglycerol emulsifiers with defined HLB values in a one-step reaction. As we reported recently, − the obtained preparations can be used directly as effective W/O emulsion stabilizers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

“…According to our recent studies, , the synthesized preparations can be directly used as emulsifiers to obtain W/O emulsions. The properties of the emulsion systems stabilized with some emulsifiers (presented in Table ) were discussed in our recent report . In relation to this work, we decided to examine the influence of the ZnC concentration and type of fatty acid used in the reaction on the HLB value of the synthesized preparations.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Esterification Kinetics of Glycerol with Fatty Acids in the Presence of Zinc Carboxylates: Preparation of Modified Acylglycerol Emulsifiers

Macierzanka

Szeląg

2004

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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The main goal of this study is the elaboration of a one-step synthesis of acylglycerol emulsifiers with modified hydrophobic properties. The esterification kinetics of glycerol with four individual fatty acids (C12:0, C14:0, C16:0, and C18:0), in the presence of zinc carboxylates (ZnC) of these acids, was investigated. The influence of the ZnC concentration and temperature on the reaction progress was studied. It was found that, under the applied conditions, the process is, with respect to glycerol esterification, a consecutive reaction of first order, with monoacylglycerol (MAG) as an intermediate, stable product. The maximum concentration of MAG in the reaction mixture did not exceed 50%. The reaction conditions as well as the types of carboxylate and fatty acid used influenced the rate of glycerol conversion and MAG formation. Zinc salts of fatty acid were found to be effective in increasing the contact between reactants and, as a consequence, accelerating the reaction progress. The formation of microemulsions in all studied esterification processes was observed. We studied the reaction kinetics in order to prepare emulsifiers with desirable contents of MAG and zinc ions. The influence of the synthesized emulsifiers' composition on their hydrophilic−lipophilic properties was also investigated. The fatty acid chain length as well as the concentration of ZnC influenced the HLB values of the synthesized preparations.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 61%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Esterification Kinetics of Glycerol with Fatty Acids in the Presence of Zinc Carboxylates: Preparation of Modified Acylglycerol Emulsifiers

Macierzanka

Szeląg

2004

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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“…In contrasts to the use of alkali soaps, the synthesized products are very effective in the stabilization of W/O-type emulsions . Preliminary studies on the phase behavior, dispersion distribution, and physical stability of W/O (paraffin and vegetable oil) emulsions, prepared with different acylglycerols/zinc carboxylate emulsifiers, have been reported in a previous publication . However, the detailed microscopic and thermal characteristics of the phase transitions were not discussed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phase Transitions and Microstructure of Emulsion Systems Prepared with Acylglycerols/Zinc Stearate Emulsifier

et al. 2006

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The emulsification processes, during which acylglycerols/zinc stearate emulsifier, water, and oil phase formed ternary systems, such as water-in-oil (W/O) emulsions, oil-in-water (O/W) dispersions, and unstable oil-water mixtures, were investigated in order to characterize the progressive transformations of the dispersed systems. The type, structure, and phase transitions of the systems were found to be determined by temperature and water phase content. Crystallization of the emulsifier caused the destabilization and subsequent phase inversion of the emulsions studied, at a temperature of 60-61 degrees C. The observed destabilization was temporary and led, at lower temperature, to W/O emulsions, "O/W + O" systems, or O/W dispersions, depending on the water content. Simultaneous emulsification and cooling of 20-50 wt % water systems resulted in the formation of stable W/O emulsions that contained a number of large water droplets with dispersed oil globules inside them ("W/O + O/W/O"). In water-rich systems (60-80 wt % of water), crystallization of the emulsifier was found to influence the formation of crystalline vesicle structures that coexisted, in the external water phase, with globules of crystallized oil phase. Results of calorimetric, rheological, and light scattering experiments, for the O/W dispersions obtained, indicate the possible transition of a monostearoylglycerol-based alpha-crystalline gel phase to a coagel state, in these multicomponent systems.

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An ascorbic acid delivery system based on (W1/O/W2) double emulsions encapsulated by Ca-alginate hydrogel beads

Zhang

Sun

Xia

2020

Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology

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Properties of W/O Emulsions Stabilized with Acylglycerol Emulsifiers Modified with Zinc Carboxylates

Cited by 4 publications

References 13 publications

Esterification Kinetics of Glycerol with Fatty Acids in the Presence of Zinc Carboxylates: Preparation of Modified Acylglycerol Emulsifiers

Esterification Kinetics of Glycerol with Fatty Acids in the Presence of Zinc Carboxylates: Preparation of Modified Acylglycerol Emulsifiers

Phase Transitions and Microstructure of Emulsion Systems Prepared with Acylglycerols/Zinc Stearate Emulsifier

An ascorbic acid delivery system based on (W1/O/W2) double emulsions encapsulated by Ca-alginate hydrogel beads

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