Properties of the Venous and Arterial Innervation in the Mesentery.

Kreulen, David L.

doi:10.1540/jsmr.39.269

Cited by 27 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 47 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The relationship of changes in reactive oxygen species levels in sensory neurons to blood pressure regulation is not known but could be related to interactions between sensory neurons and sympathetic ganglionic neurons 1,43 or of sensory nerves directly with the vasculature. In salt-sensitive hypertension, synthesis and release of vasoactive neuropeptides from sensory ganglia innervating the splanchnic circulation are increased, 10,44 and this may play a role in blood pressure regulation, 45 but it is not known whether these are related to the observed decreases in the activity of NADPH oxidase.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It receives Ϸ60% of the cardiac output and contains approximately one third of the total blood volume. 1 The splanchnic circulation is innervated by both the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system (prevertebral sympathetic ganglion neurons, including celiac ganglia [CGs] and superior and inferior mesenteric ganglia) and by spinal sensory nerves (dorsal root ganglia neurons [DRGs]). Elevated sympathetic nervous system activation has been shown in various types of hypertension.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Differential Regulation of NADPH Oxidase in Sympathetic and Sensory Ganglia in Deoxycorticosterone Acetate–Salt Hypertension

et al. 2007

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract-We demonstrated recently that superoxide anion levels are elevated in prevertebral sympathetic ganglia of deoxycorticosterone acetate-salt hypertensive rats and that this superoxide anion is generated by reduced nicotinamideadenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase. In this study we compared the reduced nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase enzyme system of dorsal root ganglion (DRG) and sympathetic celiac ganglion (CG) and its regulation in hypertension. The reduced nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase activity of ganglion extracts was measured using fluorescence spectrometry of dihydroethidine; the activity in hypertensive dorsal root ganglion was 34% lower than in normotensive DRG. In contrast, activity was 79% higher in hypertensive CG than normotensive CG. mRNA for the oxidase subunits NOX1, NOX2, NOX4, p47 phox , and p22 phox were present in both CG and DRG; mRNA for NOX4 was significantly higher in CG than in DRG. The levels of mRNA and protein expression of the membrane-bound catalytic subunit p22 phox and of the regulatory subunits p47 phox and Rac-1 were measured in CG and DRG in normotensive and hypertensive rats. p22 phox mRNA and protein expression was greater in CG of hypertensive rats but not in DRG. Compared with normotensive controls, p47 phox mRNA and protein, as well as Rac-1 protein, were significantly decreased in hypertensive DRG but not in CG. Immunohistochemical staining of p47 phox showed translocation from cytoplasm to membrane in hypertensive CG but not in hypertensive DRG. This suggests that reduced nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase activation in sympathetic neurons and sensory neurons is regulated in opposite directions in hypertension. This differential regulation may contribute to unbalanced vasomotor control and enhanced vasoconstriction in the splanchnic circulation. Key Words: superoxide Ⅲ sympathetic ganglia Ⅲ sensory ganglia Ⅲ NADPH oxidase Ⅲ rat Ⅲ hypertension T he splanchnic circulation is of great importance in regulating systemic blood pressure. It receives Ϸ60% of the cardiac output and contains approximately one third of the total blood volume. 1 The splanchnic circulation is innervated by both the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system (prevertebral sympathetic ganglion neurons, including celiac ganglia [CGs] and superior and inferior mesenteric ganglia) and by spinal sensory nerves (dorsal root ganglia neurons [DRGs]). Elevated sympathetic nervous system activation has been shown in various types of hypertension. 2,3 In particular, sympathetic ganglionic blockade can reduce the arterial blood pressure increase in deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA)-salt hypertension, 4 indicating an important role of sympathetic ganglia in the development and maintenance of salt-induced hypertension. On the other hand, sensory nerves play a counterregulatory role in preventing increases in blood pressure through either afferent baroreceptormediated mechanisms 5 or efferent release of vasodilatory neuropeptides, such as ...

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential Regulation of NADPH Oxidase in Sympathetic and Sensory Ganglia in Deoxycorticosterone Acetate–Salt Hypertension

et al. 2007

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Mesenteric arteries and veins have significant resistance and capacitance functions in the systemic circulation, respectively. In comparison to the associated veins, the mesenteric artery has a high resting basal tone mediated in part by a thicker layer of vascular smooth muscle (Kreulen, 2003). Constriction of the mesenteric artery is thought to increase total peripheral resistance in the systemic circulation greatly.…”

Section: Mesenteric Vesselsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adenosinergic System in the Mesenteric Vessels

Leitão-Rocha¹,

Sousa²,

Diniz³

2012

The Cardiovascular System - Physiology, Diagnostics and Clinical Implications

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…While these injuries spare sympathetic fibers responsible for cardiac function, they disrupt the autonomic modulation of fibers supplying vasculature in the splanchnic bed and lower extremities. These vascular beds are critical for overall CV homeostasis as the gut receives nearly 60% of the total cardiac output at rest and holds approximately one-third of the total blood volume at any given time (Kreulen 2003). The mesenteric arterial system contributes significantly to the overall vascular resistance and thus is crucial for maintaining arterial pressure, in particular during instances of increased cardiopulmonary demand (i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The mesenteric arterial system contributes significantly to the overall vascular resistance and thus is crucial for maintaining arterial pressure, in particular during instances of increased cardiopulmonary demand (i.e. exercise) in which splanchnic vasoconstriction shunts the necessary blood volume to working musculature (Kreulen 2003). Accordingly, understanding how maladaptive changes in the autonomic control of these two major vascular beds (splanchnic and lower extremity) contribute to the observed CV dysfunction and subsequent disease is essential to speed the development of effective therapeutics for SCI patients.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating cardiovascular dysfunction during increased activity and exercise rehabilitation following incomplete thoracic spinal cord injury in the adult rat.

Harman¹

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Properties of the Venous and Arterial Innervation in the Mesentery.

Cited by 27 publications

References 47 publications

Differential Regulation of NADPH Oxidase in Sympathetic and Sensory Ganglia in Deoxycorticosterone Acetate–Salt Hypertension

Differential Regulation of NADPH Oxidase in Sympathetic and Sensory Ganglia in Deoxycorticosterone Acetate–Salt Hypertension

Adenosinergic System in the Mesenteric Vessels

Evaluating cardiovascular dysfunction during increased activity and exercise rehabilitation following incomplete thoracic spinal cord injury in the adult rat.

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About