Properties of the quasi 16 day wave derived from EOS MLS observations

McDonald, A. J.; Hibbins, R. E.; Jarvis, M. J.

doi:10.1029/2010jd014719

Cited by 65 publications

(99 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…4, show little vertical tilt with altitude above 38 km, indicating a normal mode structure. Although the magnitude of the correlation coefficient is observed to be small and insignificant near the stratopause, whether by instrumental or index of refraction effects (McDonald et al, 2011), we see here that the wave is not completely absorbed and is able to continue above this region. The nearly vertical phase fronts above 70 km are likely a consequence of the coarse altitude resolution of the O 3 vmr data there smoothing any vertical structure.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 48%

“…The amplitude of the wave decreases markedly close to the stratopause. This may be due to the high negative wind shears above 45 km altering the index of refraction of the planetary wave as has been suggested by McDonald et al (2011) based on EOS MLS temperature data. However, we cannot rule out that this decrease of amplitude is merely due to low O 3 vmr values that minimise near this altitude.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

“…More recently, satellite data have been used to study the wave throughout the stratosphere and mesosphere (e.g. McDonald et al, 2011;Day et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Quasi-16-day period oscillations observed in middle atmospheric ozone and temperature in Antarctica

et al. 2013

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Nightly averaged mesospheric temperature derived from the hydroxyl nightglow at Rothera station (67°34' S, 68°08' W) and nightly midnight measurements of ozone mixing ratio obtained from Troll station (72°01' S, 2°32' E) in Antarctica have been used to investigate the presence and vertical profile of the quasi-16-day planetary wave in the stratosphere and mesosphere during the Antarctic winter of 2009. The variations caused by planetary waves on the ozone mixing ratio and temperature are discussed, and spectral and cross-correlation analyses are performed to extract the wave amplitudes and to examine the vertical structure of the wave from 34 to 80 km. The results show that while planetary-wave signatures with periods 3–12 days are strong below the stratopause, the oscillations associated with the 16-day wave are the strongest and present in both the mesosphere and stratosphere. The period of the wave is found to increase below 42 km due to the Doppler shifting by the strong eastward zonal wind. The 16-day oscillation in the temperature is found to be correlated and phase coherent with the corresponding oscillation observed in O₃ volume mixing ratio at all levels, and the wave is found to have vertical phase fronts consistent with a normal mode structure

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 48%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

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Quasi-16-day period oscillations observed in middle atmospheric ozone and temperature in Antarctica

et al. 2013

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“…This method has been used by a number of other studies (e.g., Limpasuvan et al, 2005;Baumgaertner et al, 2008;Limpasuvan and Wu, 2009;McDonald et al, 2011;Day et al, 2011). The uncertainty in the wave amplitude estimated using this method is usually ± 0.6 K or smaller, e.g., Day et al (2011).…”

Section: Atmosmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mean winds, temperatures and the 16- and 5-day planetary waves in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere over Bear Lake Observatory (42° N, 111° W)

2012

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Abstract. Atmospheric temperatures and winds in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere have been measured simultaneously using the Aura satellite and a meteor radar at Bear Lake Observatory (42 • N, 111 • W), respectively. The data presented in this study is from the interval March 2008 to July 2011.The mean winds observed in the summer-time over Bear Lake Observatory show the meridional winds to be equatorward at meteor heights during April-August and to reach monthly-mean velocities of −12 m s −1 . The mean winds are closely related to temperatures in this region of the atmosphere and in the summer the coldest mesospheric temperatures occur about the same time as the strongest equatorward meridional winds. The zonal winds are eastward through most of the year and in the summer strong eastward zonal wind shears of up to ∼4.5 m s −1 km −1 are present. However, westward winds are observed at the upper heights in winter and sometimes during the equinoxes. Considerable inter-annual variability is observed in the mean winds and temperatures.Comparisons of the observed winds with URAP and HWM-07 reveal some large differences. Our radar zonal wind observations are generally more eastward than predicted by the URAP model zonal winds. Considering the radar meridional winds, in comparison to HWM-07 our observations reveal equatorward flow at all meteor heights in the summer whereas HWM-07 suggests that only weakly equatorward, or even poleward flows occur at the lower heights. However, the zonal winds observed by the radar and modelled by HWM-07 are generally similar in structure and strength.Signatures of the 16-and 5-day planetary waves are clearly evident in both the radar-wind data and Aura-temperature data. Short-lived wave events can reach large amplitudes of up to ∼15 m s −1 and 8 K and 20 m s −1 and 10 K for the 16-and 5-day waves, respectively. A clear seasonal and shortterm variability are observed in the 16-and 5-day planetary wave amplitudes. The 16-day wave reaches largest amplitude in winter and is also present in summer, but with smaller amplitudes. The 5-day wave reaches largest amplitude in winter and in late summer. An inter-annual variability in the amplitude of the planetary waves is evident in the four years of observations. Some 41 episodes of large-amplitude wave occurrence are identified. Temperature and wind amplitudes for these episodes, A T and A W , that passed the Student T-test were found to be related by, A T = 0.34 A W and A T = 0.62 A W for the 16-and 5-day wave, respectively.

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“…After dividing the data in a latitude-longitude grid, the daily mean and standard deviation of the observations are calculated and all observations more than 3 standard deviations away from the mean are removed to filter out any outliers remaining in the processed data (McDonald et al, 2011). In order to ensure a reasonable number of observations are used within each daily average, the latitude-longitude grid is specified depending on the analysis performed (see the Results section for further details).…”

Section: Data and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Coupling in the middle atmosphere related to the 2013 major sudden stratospheric warming

et al. 2015

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Abstract. The previously reported observation of anomalous eastward gravity wave forcing at mesopause heights around the onset of the January 2013 major sudden stratospheric warming (SSW) over Trondheim, Norway (63 • N, 10 • E), is placed in a global perspective using Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) temperature observations from the Aura satellite. It is shown that this anomalous forcing results in a clear cooling over Trondheim about 10 km below mesopause heights. Conversely, near the mesopause itself, where the gravity wave forcing was measured, observations with meteor radar, OH airglow and MLS show no distinct cooling. Polar cap zonal mean temperatures show a similar vertical profile. Longitudinal variability in the high northern-latitude mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT) is characterized by a quasi-stationary wave-1 structure, which reverses phase at altitudes below ∼ 0.1 hPa. This wave-1 develops prior to the SSW onset, and starts to propagate westward at the SSW onset. The latitudinal pole-to-pole temperature structure associated with the major SSW shows a warming (cooling) in the winter stratosphere (mesosphere) which extends to about 40 • N. In the stratosphere, a cooling extending over the equator and far into the summer hemisphere is observed, whereas in the mesosphere an equatorial warming is noted. In the Southern Hemisphere mesosphere, a warm anomaly overlaying a cold anomaly is present, which is shown to propagate downward in time. This observed structure is in accordance with the temperature perturbations predicted by the proposed interhemispheric coupling mechanism for cases of increased winter stratospheric planetary wave activity, of which major SSWs are an extreme case. These results provide observational evidence for the interhemispheric coupling mechanism, and for the wave-mean flow interaction believed to be responsible for the establishment of the anomalies in the summer hemisphere.

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Properties of the quasi 16 day wave derived from EOS MLS observations

Cited by 65 publications

References 51 publications

Quasi-16-day period oscillations observed in middle atmospheric ozone and temperature in Antarctica

Quasi-16-day period oscillations observed in middle atmospheric ozone and temperature in Antarctica

Mean winds, temperatures and the 16- and 5-day planetary waves in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere over Bear Lake Observatory (42° N, 111° W)

Coupling in the middle atmosphere related to the 2013 major sudden stratospheric warming

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