Properties of Surface Layers Processed by a New, High-Temperature Vacuum Carburizing Technology with Prenitriding - PreNitLPC®

Kula, P.; Pietrasik, R.; Dybowski, K.; Pawęta, Sylwester; Wołowiec, E.

doi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.452-453.401

Cited by 15 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The furnace's working chamber evacuated to a pressure of 10 Pa, was initially heated to 960 • C. In the LPCN process, ammonia was introduced at 400 • C, followed by maintaining an isothermal stop at 700 • C for approximately one hour to facilitate nitriding. The primary objective of the nitriding stage in this process was to mitigate the coarsening of austenite grains and, concurrently, to facilitate the incorporation of nitrogen into the diffusion layer [19,20]. Subsequently, the temperature was raised back to 960 • C, and a combination of process gases-ethylene, acetylene, and hydrogen in volume proportions of 2:2:1-was introduced.…”

Section: Low-pressure Heat Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Chemical Composition on Structure and Mechanical Properties of Vacuum-Carburized Low-Alloy Steels

Kochmański,

Chylińska,

Figiel

et al. 2024

Materials

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This study presents research results concerning the vacuum carburizing of four steel grades, specifically conforming to European standards 1.7243, 1.6587, 1.5920, and 1.3532. The experimental specimens exhibited variations primarily in nickel content, ranging from 0 to approximately 3.8 wt. %. As a comparative reference, gas carburizing was also conducted on the 1.3532 grade, which had the highest nickel content. Comprehensive structural analysis was carried out on the resultant carburized layers using a variety of techniques, such as optical and electron scanning, transmission microscopy, and X-ray diffraction. Additionally, mechanical properties such as hardness and fatigue strength were assessed. Fatigue strength evaluation was performed on un-notched samples having a circular cross-section with a diameter of 12 mm. Testing was executed via a three-point bending setup subjected to sinusoidally varying stresses ranging from 0 to maximum stress levels. The carburized layers produced had effective thicknesses from approximately 0.8 to 1.4 mm, surface hardness levels in the range of 600 to 700 HV, and estimated retained austenite contents from 10 to 20 vol%. The observed fatigue strength values for the layers varied within the range from 1000 to 1350 MPa. It was found that changing the processing method from gas carburizing, which induced internal oxidation phenomena, to vacuum carburizing improved the fatigue properties to a greater extent than increasing the nickel content of the steel.

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Section: Low-pressure Heat Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Chemical Composition on Structure and Mechanical Properties of Vacuum-Carburized Low-Alloy Steels

Kochmański,

Chylińska,

Figiel

et al. 2024

Materials

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“…High-temperature carburization for gears is becoming more and more attractive in the past years because it can remarkably shorten the processing time, improve the production efficiency of the gear steel carburizing process, and reduce production costs [9][10][11][12]. However, the heating temperature has a significant impact on the grain growth of austenite; thus, prior austenite grains growing abnormally will reduce the properties of the materials [13][14][15][16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Precipitated Particles on Austenite Grain Growth of Al- and Nb-Microalloyed 20MnCr Gear Steel

Zhu,

Fan,

Lian

et al. 2024

Metals

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The paper deals with the effect of the morphology characteristics, grain size, and the volume fraction of AlN- and NbC-precipitated particles on the prior austenite grain growth behavior in the Al- and Nb-microalloying 20MnCr gear steel during pseudo-carburizing heat treatments. The results indicate that the Nb addition in 20MnCr gear steel have a better effect on preventing austenite grain growth. The coarsening time after pseudo-carburizing in the Nb-microalloyed 20MnCr steel are improved by about 4 h compared with the Al-microalloyed steel. The precipitated particles coarsen and the number decreases with the pseudo-carburization temperature increasing, resulting in a reduction in the pinning pressure of the precipitated particles on the austenite grain boundaries. When the pseudo-carburization temperature reaches 1150 °C, the precipitated particles no longer have the ability to pin the austenite grain boundaries. In addition, the kinetics model for austenite grain growth under the process of the pinning and coarsening of the precipitated particles was established.

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“…As it is commonly known, the case-hardened layers are characterized by high strength and hardness, thanks to which they are applied widely in elements working under high stress and in point contact [1,2]. To provide additional physicochemical properties of the carburized layer, it is possible to modify it by introducing another alloy element [3][4][5][6][7]. The creation of layers in the process of carburizing with metallization may take place for the hard carbides to form on the surface [6,8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Hybrid Process of Low-Pressure Carburizing and Metallization (Cr + LPC, Al + LPC) of 17CrNiMo7-6 and 10NiCrMo13-5 Steels

et al. 2021

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This paper presents the concept of modification of physicochemical properties of steels by simultaneous diffusion saturation with carbon and chromium or aluminum. The application of a hybrid surface treatment process consisting of a combination of aluminizing and low-pressure carburizing (Al + LPC) resulted in a reduction in the amount of retained austenite in the surface layer of the steel. While the use of chromium plating and low-pressure carburizing (Cr + LPC) induced an improvement in the corrosion resistance of the carburized steels. It is of particular importance in case of vacuum processes after the application of which the active surface corrodes easily, as well as in case of carburizing of low-alloy steel with nickel, where an increased content of retained austenite in the surface layer is found after carburizing.

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Properties of Surface Layers Processed by a New, High-Temperature Vacuum Carburizing Technology with Prenitriding - PreNitLPC®

Cited by 15 publications

References 6 publications

Influence of Chemical Composition on Structure and Mechanical Properties of Vacuum-Carburized Low-Alloy Steels

Influence of Chemical Composition on Structure and Mechanical Properties of Vacuum-Carburized Low-Alloy Steels

Effect of Precipitated Particles on Austenite Grain Growth of Al- and Nb-Microalloyed 20MnCr Gear Steel

The Hybrid Process of Low-Pressure Carburizing and Metallization (Cr + LPC, Al + LPC) of 17CrNiMo7-6 and 10NiCrMo13-5 Steels

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