Properties of Sound Panels Made from Recycled Footwear Treads

Yildiz, Fikret; Parlar, Ayhan; Parlar, Zeynep; Bakkal, Mustafa

doi:10.12693/aphyspola.132.936

Cited by 15 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Panel sound absorbers are typically used to absorb low-frequency noise in architectural applications such as concert halls, theaters, recording studios, and so on. In these systems, flexible panels are usually made of metal, wood, gypsum, or plastic board overlaid on an air space that can be partially or completely filled with porous materials [34,35].…”

Section: Sound Absorption Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sound-absorbing porous materials: a review on polyurethane-based foams

et al. 2022

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In recent years, noise pollution has become one of the most critical human environmental problems. It has adverse effects on people's health and their work efficiency. Therefore, porous materials have gained enormous attention because they offer excellent sound absorption properties, low density, high specific strength, etc. In this review article, sound absorption in materials with specifically related properties such as sound absorption coefficient, sound absorption mechanisms, and types of metallic and non-metallic sound-absorbing foams are studied and discussed. Moreover, various kinds of porous polymeric materials are summarized, and in this respect polyurethane (PU) composite foams are represented with more details. Polyurethanes have several advantages such as reasonable physical, mechanical and thermal properties, acceptable processability, and chemical resistance. Polyurethane foam is a polymeric material with a cellular structure which makes it an effective sound absorber. Furthermore, various methods of preparing polymer foams are also presented. Different nanoparticles, synthetic and natural fibers are added to PU foam to enhance its acoustic properties. These additives and their effects on the sound absorption properties of PU foams are listed. Besides, various polymeric foam formation methods are explained with their advantages and disadvantages. Finally, discussion covers "porosity" as one of the most important factors on sound absorption properties of materials.

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Section: Sound Absorption Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sound-absorbing porous materials: a review on polyurethane-based foams

et al. 2022

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“…Different approaches have been proposed for the valorisation of leather shavings as an energetic source [ 16 , 17 ] or as building materials [ 18 , 19 , 20 ], among other alternatives. The high organic load of waste makes its valorisation possible using biotechnological strategies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological Solubilisation of Leather Industry Waste in Anaerobic Conditions: Effect of Chromium (III) Presence, Pre-Treatments and Temperature Strategies

Fernández-Rodríguez

Lorea

González‐Gaitano

2022

IJMS

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Collagen-based polymers and their blends have attracted considerable interest for new materials development due to their unique combination of biocompatibility, physical and mechanical properties and durability. Leather, a modified natural biopolymer made from animal rawhide and the first synthetic collagen-based polymer known since the dawn of civilization, combines all these features. Rawhide is transformed into leather by tanning, a process in which the collagen is cross-linked with different agents to make it stronger and more durable and to prevent its decay. Research on the development of environmentally friendly procedures and sustainable materials with higher efficiency and lower costs is a rapidly growing field, and leather industry is not an exemption. Chrome-tanned and vegetable-tanned (chromium-free) shavings from the leather industry present a high content of organic matter, yet they are considered recalcitrant waste to be degraded by microbiological processes like anaerobic digestion (AD), a solid technology to treat organic waste in a circular economy framework. In this technology however, the solubilisation of organic solid substrates is a significant challenge to improving the efficiency of the process. In this context, we have investigated the process of microbial decomposition of leather wastes from the tannery industry to search for the conditions that produce optimal solubilisation of organic matter. Chrome-tanned and chromium-free leather shavings were pre-treated and anaerobically digested under different temperature ranges (thermophilic–55 °C-, intermediate–42 °C- and mesophilic–35 °C) to evaluate the effect on the solubilisation of the organic matter of the wastes. The results showed that the presence of chromium significantly inhibited the solubilization (up to 60%) in the mesophilic and intermediate ranges; this is the fastest and most efficient solubilization reached under thermophilic conditions using the chromium-free leather shaving as substrates. The most suitable temperature for the solubilization was the thermophilic regime (55 °C) for both chromium-free and chrome-tanned shavings. No significant differences were observed in the thermophilic anaerobic digestion of chromium-free shavings when a pre-treatment was applied, since the solubilisation was already high without pre-treatment. However, the pre-treatments significantly improved the solubilisation in the mesophilic and intermediate configurations; the former pre-treatment was better suited in terms of performance and cost-effectiveness compared to the thermophilic range. Thus, the solubilisation of chromium-free tannery solid wastes can be significantly improved by applying appropriate pre-treatments at lower temperature ranges; this is of utter importance when optimizing anaerobic processes of recalcitrant organic wastes, with the added benefit of substantial energy savings in the scaling up of the process in an optimised circular economy scenario.

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“…They have interior channels, cracks, and cavities, which allow the sound to travel inside the material and disappear by losing kinetic energy due to friction between the air and the surrounding pores. This energy loss mechanism has made porous materials as a suitable candidate for sound absorption in a wide frequency range 10–12 . Polymeric foams can be considered as the best porous materials for sound absorbing applications 13–15 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This energy loss mechanism has made porous materials as a suitable candidate for sound absorption in a wide frequency range. [10][11][12] Polymeric foams can be considered as the best porous materials for sound absorbing applications. [13][14][15] They contain an interconnected cellular structure and are extensively used in different applications such as aerospace, marine, automotive, and packaging systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of optimal polymeric foams with superior sound absorption and transmission loss

Nourmohammadi

Jahanmardi

Moeenfard

et al. 2022

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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The objective of the current research is to propose new polymer composites with optimal acoustic properties. To do so, the ethylene‐vinyl acetate foam is employed as the based polymer and the nano silica, nano clay and graphene nanoplatelets are used as extra ingredients. The appropriate amounts of the blowing agent and nano materials are determined using the Taguchi design technique. Using the L9(34) Taguchi array, different foams are manufactured and their specifications are determined experimentally. Most importantly, the sound absorption and transmission loss of the foams are measured and utilized to specify their noise reduction coefficient (NRC) as well as their average transmission loss (ATL). To maximize the NRC and ATL, optimal formulations are derived based on the Taguchi method. Then the optimal foams are manufactured to characterize their acoustic properties. Experimentations show that both NRC and ATL are respectively improved by 9.76% and 7.98% compared to the best NRC and ATL record of the samples of the Taguchi table. Some new samples with at most one nano material are also produced to study the synergistic effects of the nano materials. Measurements of the acoustic properties of these foams revealed that the combination of the nano materials offers superior acoustic properties.

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Properties of Sound Panels Made from Recycled Footwear Treads

Cited by 15 publications

References 8 publications

Sound-absorbing porous materials: a review on polyurethane-based foams

Sound-absorbing porous materials: a review on polyurethane-based foams

Biological Solubilisation of Leather Industry Waste in Anaerobic Conditions: Effect of Chromium (III) Presence, Pre-Treatments and Temperature Strategies

Development of optimal polymeric foams with superior sound absorption and transmission loss

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