Properties of porcine adipose-derived stem cells and their applications in preclinical models

Abstract

Adipose-derived stem cells represent a reliable adult stem cell source thanks to their abundance, straightforward isolation, and broad differentiation abilities. Consequently, human adipose-derived stem cells (hASCs) have been used in vitro for several innovative cellular therapy and regenerative medicine applications. However, the translation of a novel technology from the laboratory to the clinic requires first to evaluate its safety, feasibility, and potential efficacy through preclinical studies in animals. The anatomy and physiology of pigs and humans are very similar, establishing pigs as an attractive and popular large animal model for preclinical studies. Knowledge of the properties of porcine adipose-derived stem cells (pASCs) used in preclinical studies is critical for their success. While hASCs have been extensively studied this past decade, only a handful of reports relate to pASCs. The aim of this concise review is to summarize the current findings about the isolation of pASCs, their culture, proliferation, and immunophenotype. The differentiation abilities of pASCs and their applications in porcine preclinical models will also be reported.

Phenotypical Characterization and Neurogenic Differentiation of Rabbit Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells

“…From a morphological point of view, these cells show a fibroblast-like shape, which changes during the culture from round to spindle-shaped. Similar cell morphology has been confirmed by many studies not only in rabbits [ 38 , 39 ] but also in other animal species, such as dogs [ 40 ], pigs [ 41 ], horse [ 42 , 43 ] and humans [ 44 , 45 ]. To monitor the rate of proliferation, we evaluated the doubling time of the cell population (PDT).…”

Morphological and Molecular Features of Porcine Mesenchymal Stem Cells Derived From Different Types of Synovial Membrane, and Genetic Background of Cell Donors

“…Beyond the consideration of the use of procine tissues as excellent large animal model for human in the development of stem cell based therapies, regenerative medicine and transplantation for preclinical research, the generation of porcine MSCs will establish background knowledge and technology in a variety of experimental research for both veterinary clinicians and livestock industry ( Swindle et al, 2012 ; Arrizabalagaa and Nollerta, 2017 ; Bharti et al, 2016 ; Markoski, 2016 ; Schweizer et al, 2020 ). Application of MSCs may be a powerful tool for treatment of several animal health conditions, and some of the major skeletal abnormalities and disorders that can result in loss of both animal welfare and economic benefits ( Fan et al, 2009 ; Ogata et al, 2015 ; Gugjoo et al, 2019 ).…”

Physioxia: a more effective approach for culturing human adipose-derived stem cells for cell transplantation

“…However, there are still several problems to resolve, such as the donor choice [ 8 ], therapeutic safety [ 9 ], and standard protocol for expanding ASCs [ 10 ]; among these problems, the most suitable strategy for culturing and expanding ASCs in vitro has been continuously studied. Several factors should be considered, such as the culture medium, serum replacements, and seeding density [ 11 ].…”