Properties of Polymers Based on Aromatic Diamines

Abstract

This review provides detailed information on the synthesis, structure, properties, methods for studying, and areas of application conductive polymers synthesized on the basis of phenylenediamines. Conductive polymers based on phenylenediamines are cationic salts of highly conjugated polymers and are synthesized by electrochemical or chemical oxidation. Chemical oxidative polymerization has led to the formation of various functional polymers. Depending on the reaction conditions, polyphenylenediamines are produced as powders, colloidal dispersions, thin films, or composites. The close similarity of the chemical structure of polyanilines and polyphenylenediamines endows both groups with some similar properties, such as, for example, redox activity. They act as reductants of noble-metal compounds to the corresponding metals. Due to electrical conductivity and redox activity, as well as the dependence of electrical conductivity on the degree of protonation, it is possible to create various sensors based on polyphenylenediamines. In addition, polyphenylenediamines can be used as one of the components of composite materials, for example, in anticorrosion coatings. In general, some main groups of applications for polyphenylenediamines can be distinguished. The literature indicates a number of areas of their application; they include the corrosion protection of metals, catalysis, electrorheology, sensors, energy-conversion devices, electrochromism, noble-metal recovery, and water treatment. At the same time, polymers of phenylenediamines can be used in medicine, unlike aniline and its oligomers, which have potential toxicity