Properties of polidocanol foam in view of its use in sclerotherapy

Nastasa, Viorel; Samaras, Konstantinos; Ampatzidis, C.D.; Karapantsios, Thodoris D.; Trelles, Mario A.; Moreno-Moraga, Javier; Smarandache, Adriana; Pascu, Mihail-Lucian

doi:10.1016/j.ijpharm.2014.11.056

Cited by 44 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…to vascular endothelium, and then provoke formation of thrombus, being adhesion to the intravascular injection site. Then produce inflammatory lesions and tissue fibrosis, fibrotic cord is instead of pathological blood vessels, leading to the permanent occlusion of pathological vessels, so as to achieve the aim of sclerosis [10].…”

Section: Intravascular and Intravascular Injection Of Polidocanol Canmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Novel Developments in Polidocanol Sclerotherapy: A Review

Zheng¹,

Wei²,

Zhang³

2018

JBM

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Polidocanol is the most widely used Sclerotherapy in European and American countries. It is affordable, easy to use and apply, and has high efficiency. The purpose of this paper is to give an overview of the recent basics of the Sclerotherapy, chemistry and formulation, clinical applications, and side-effects and complications of Polidocanol, and to discuss the Polidocanol as the safety and efficacy of Sclerotherapy.

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Section: Intravascular and Intravascular Injection Of Polidocanol Canmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The effect of sclerosis depends on foam quality; an unstable foam needs a higher quantity of liquid sclerosant for the same effect as a stable foam. By controlling the stability of foam, one can control the duration of its contact with the blood vessel and therefore the effect of the sclerosing agent [5] [10] [12] [13].…”

Section: Foam Polidocanol Formulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Developments in Polidocanol Sclerotherapy: A Review

Zheng¹,

Wei²,

Zhang³

2018

JBM

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“…A similar application is foam sclerotherapy [4], a minimally-invasive treatment for varicose veins. Varicose veins are not only unsightly but also painful, and can often lead to further medical complications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An analytic velocity profile for pressure-driven flow of a Bingham fluid in a curved channel

Roberts

Cox

2020

Journal of Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics

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We derive an expression for the velocity profile of a pressure-driven yield-stress fluid flowing around a two-dimensional concentric annulus. This result allows the prediction of the effects of channel curvature on the pressure gradient required to initiate flow for given yield stress, and for the width of the plug region and the flux through the channel at different curvatures. We use it to validate numerical simulations of the flow from a straight channel into a curved channel which show how the fluid first yields everywhere before reaching the predicted velocity profile.

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“…At present, the most common method used for producing foams involves the mixing of a sclerosant, eg, polidocanol or sodium tetradecyl sulfate, with room air using 2 disposable syringes connected by a 3‐way stopcock (Tessari method) . Referring to the foam's safety profile, one concern of the Tessari technique involves the lack of reproducibility and procedure standardization, being subject to many operator‐dependent factors (ie, number of pump cycles, liquid‐gas ratio, and pumping pressure exerted on the syringes), as well as the tools used for foam production (type of connector and syringe diameter) …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…15 Referring to the foam's safety profile, one concern of the Tessari technique involves the lack of reproducibility and procedure standardization, being subject to many operator-dependent factors (ie, number of pump cycles, liquid-gas ratio, and pumping pressure exerted on the syringes), as well as the tools used for foam production (type of connector and syringe diameter). 16 The aim of this article is to present an alternative technique for preparing sclerosing foams using 20-kHz ultrasound, in an attempt to reduce the bubble size distribution, and to compare the bubble distribution to that of the Tessari method and a mechanical agitation technique. We investigated the effect of various pulsed ultrasonic modes on foam generation using different solution concentrations.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Size of Sclerosing Foams Prepared by Ultrasound, Mechanical Agitation, and the Handmade Tessari Method for Treatment of Varicose Veins

Critello

Fiorillo

Matula

2017

J of Ultrasound Medicine

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Objectives-Sclerotherapy is a therapeutic method used in the treatment of varicose veins and works by occluding damaged blood vessels with a chemical solution.Foam sclerotherapy is an attractive treatment because the results are more effective than those obtained by using liquid sclerosants. However, serious neurologic complications, which are likely related to air embolism, have been reported after treatment with foams generated by the handmade method (Tessari technique) most often used clinically. We present an alternative ultrasonic technique for preparation of sclerosing foams to treat varicose veins.Methods-Three methods of foam generation were compared: ultrasound, mechanical agitation, and Tessari techniques.Results-Optical microscopic analyses showed that low-frequency ultrasound can generate foams with smaller bubble distributions compared to those produced by handmade and mechanical agitation methods: 98% of the bubble population was less than 55 6 10 lm for sonicated foams (mean 6 SD, 19 6 1.8 lm; maximum bubble size, <138.3 6 32.5 lm), 196.7 6 38.2 lm for mechanically agitated foams (mean, 37.1 6 10.6 lm; maximum bubble size, <350 6 70.9 lm), and 211.7 6 20.8 lm for handmade foams (mean, 30.8 6 3.8 lm; maximum bubble size, <445 6 32.8 lm).Conclusions-Low-frequency ultrasonic foam generation yields smaller bubbles and more uniform size distributions than other investigated methods. These properties may reduce serious adverse events reported for sclerotherapy of varicose veins, increasing the safety of foam treatment.

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Properties of polidocanol foam in view of its use in sclerotherapy

Cited by 44 publications

References 30 publications

Novel Developments in Polidocanol Sclerotherapy: A Review

Novel Developments in Polidocanol Sclerotherapy: A Review

An analytic velocity profile for pressure-driven flow of a Bingham fluid in a curved channel

Size of Sclerosing Foams Prepared by Ultrasound, Mechanical Agitation, and the Handmade Tessari Method for Treatment of Varicose Veins

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