Properties of phosphatidate phosphohydrolase and diacylglycerol acyltransferase activities in the isolated rat heart. Effect of glucagon, ischaemia and diabetes

Schoonderwoerd, Kees; Broekhoven-Schokker, S.; Hülsmann, W.C.; Stam, H.

doi:10.1042/bj2680487

Cited by 25 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 48 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Cardiac PAP activity is acutely increased in streptozotocin-induced diabetes ( 50 ), but it is decreased in obese insulin-resistant rats ( 51 ). Moreover, ]oleate (C) in DME/F12 medium containing 0.3 mM BSA for 3 h after infection with recombinant adenovirus for 38 h (n = 3), and the rate of glycerol and oleate incorporation into glycerolipids was measured and expressed as pmol oleate or glycerol per pmol phospholipid phosphate.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Differential regulation of the expressions of the PGC-1α splice variants, lipins, and PPARα in heart compared to liver

Kok

Dyck

Harris

et al. 2013

Journal of Lipid Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…10A ). Infection with control mRNA levels of lipin-1 and lipin-3 in the heart are decreased in type 2 diabetic patients and in heart failure ( 27,50,52 ). Otherwise, little is known about the regulation of lipin expression in the heart.…”

Section: Effect Of Changing Lipin Levels On Glycerolipid Synthesis Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential regulation of the expressions of the PGC-1α splice variants, lipins, and PPARα in heart compared to liver

Kok

Dyck

Harris

et al. 2013

Journal of Lipid Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Administration of glucagon or epinephrine to rat tissues decreased DGAT activity (103,108,109), and treatment with long-chain FAs increased DGAT activity (110,111). It is not known whether these treatments regulate DGAT1 or DGAT2 nor whether they exert their effects at the transcriptional or posttranscriptional level.…”

Section: Regulation Of Dgat Enzymesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thematic Review Series: Glycerolipids. DGAT enzymes and triacylglycerol biosynthesis

Yen

Stone

Koliwad

et al. 2008

Journal of Lipid Research

901

782

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Triacylglycerols (triglycerides) (TGs) are the major storage molecules of metabolic energy and FAs in most living organisms. Excessive accumulation of TGs, however, is associated with human diseases, such as obesity, diabetes mellitus, and steatohepatitis. The final and the only committed step in the biosynthesis of TGs is catalyzed by acylCoA:diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT) enzymes. The genes encoding two DGAT enzymes, DGAT1 and DGAT2, were identified in the past decade, and the use of molecular tools, including mice deficient in either enzyme, has shed light on their functions. Although DGAT enzymes are involved in TG synthesis, they have distinct protein sequences and differ in their biochemical, cellular, and physiological functions. Both enzymes may be useful as therapeutic targets for diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of DGAT enzymes, focusing on new advances since the cloning of their genes, including possible roles in human health and diseases.-Yen, C-L. E., S. J. Stone, S. Koliwad, C. Harris, and R. V. Farese, Jr. DGAT enzymes and triacylglycerol biosynthesis. J. Lipid Res. 2008. 49: 2283-2301. Supplementary key words triacylglycerolsTriacylglycerols (triglycerides) (TGs), a major type of neutral lipid, are a heterogeneous group of molecules with a glycerol backbone and three FAs attached by ester bonds. The physical and chemical properties of TG differ based on chain length and the degree to which their FAs are desaturated. TGs serve multiple important functions in living organisms. Chief among these, they are the major storage molecules of FA for energy utilization and the synthesis of membrane lipids. Because they are highly reduced and anhydrous, TGs store 6-fold more energy than the same amount of hydrated glycogen (1). In plants, TGs are a major component of seed oils, which are valuable resources for dietary consumption and industrial uses. TG from plants and microorganisms can also be used for biofuels. In animals, energy stores of TG are concentrated primarily in adipocytes, although TGs are also found prominently in myocytes, hepatocytes, enterocytes, and mammary epithelial cells. In addition to energy storage, TG synthesis in cells may protect them from the potentially toxic effects of excess FA. In the enterocytes and hepatocytes of most mammals, TGs are synthesized for the assembly and secretion of lipoproteins, which transport dietary and endogenously synthesized FA between tissues. Also, TGs in secreted lipids acts as a component of the skinʼs surface water barrier, and collections of TG in adipose tissue provide insulation for organisms.Although TGs are essential for normal physiology, the excessive accumulation of TG in human adipose tissue results in obesity and, in nonadipose tissues, is associated with organ dysfunction. For example, excessive TG deposition in skeletal muscle and the liver is associated with insulin resistance, in the liver with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, and in the heart with cardiomyopathy (2, 3). Owing to worldwide increases in the p...

show abstract

“…Lipin-1 expression is dynamically regulated in the liver ( 25,26 ), heart ( 27 ), and adipose tissue ( 28 ). Lpin1 transcription and, thus, PAP activity are increased in the liver in fasting and diabetes due to the synergistic actions of glucagon (or epinephrine) through cAMP production and glucocorticoids ( 11 ).…”

Section: Sds-page and Western Blot Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship of glucose and oleate metabolism to cardiac function in lipin-1 deficient (fld) mice

Kok

Kienesberger

Dyck

et al. 2012

Journal of Lipid Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

of cardiac ATP production ( 1 ). FAs are also incorporated into triacylglycerol (TG), which is stored in lipid droplets. Cardiac TG turnover is rapid ( 2 ) and FAs released from TG can contribute up to 10-20% of ATP production ( 3 ). Plasma FA and TG levels rise in insulin resistance and diabetes ( 4, 5 ), and cardiac FA utilization can increase to supply as much as 90% of ATP ( 6, 7 ). Despite this increase in FAO, FA uptake can exceed the ability of the heart to utilize FAs, leading to excess accumulation of TG in cardiomyocytes ( 6-9 ). The compensatory changes that occur in response to excessive FA availability eventually become maladaptive, and the heart is locked in a pathological and infl exible metabolic state that contributes to cardiac dysfunction ( 6, 7, 10 ). As such, maintenance of metabolic fl exibility is essential for normal cardiac function. Whereas many proteins have been identifi ed to contribute to cardiac FA uptake and metabolism ( 1, 10 ), relatively little information is available about the role of lipin-1 in the heart. Lipin-1 is an important protein involved in regulating both TG synthesis and FAO in other organs ( 11 ).Instead of being considered as mutually antagonistic processes, FAO and TG synthesis are now widely viewed as being companion pathways because augmenting cardiac TG synthesis increases FAO ( 12 ). Moreover, FAs released through lipolysis of endogenous TG stores contribute signifi cantly to FAO ( 3,13 ). Lipin-1 could play a prominent role in this regulation as it is a bifunctional protein involved in regulating both TG synthesis and FAO in the The constant requirement for ATP in the beating heart is satisfi ed by the utilization of diverse substrates, such as fatty acids (FA), glucose, lactate, ketones, and amino acids, with FA oxidation (FAO) providing the majority (50-75%)

show abstract

Properties of phosphatidate phosphohydrolase and diacylglycerol acyltransferase activities in the isolated rat heart. Effect of glucagon, ischaemia and diabetes

Cited by 25 publications

References 48 publications

Differential regulation of the expressions of the PGC-1α splice variants, lipins, and PPARα in heart compared to liver

Differential regulation of the expressions of the PGC-1α splice variants, lipins, and PPARα in heart compared to liver

Thematic Review Series: Glycerolipids. DGAT enzymes and triacylglycerol biosynthesis

Relationship of glucose and oleate metabolism to cardiac function in lipin-1 deficient (fld) mice

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About